Summary:

Vehicle communication networks are considered to be a relevant solution for ensuring the safety of road users and improving the flow of road traffic. These vehicle networks enable the deployment of Cooperative Intelligent Transport Systems (C-ITS). Thanks to C-ITS applications, vehicles can exchange information on road traffic and related events. However, as a side-effect, these communications also make vehicles more vulnerable to cyber attacks. Data exchange depends on a centralised security architecture, which weakens as the number of vehicles increases. A better solution would be to use a decentralised security architecture to rectify this effect, where each vehicle could be involved in security management. In this way, the growth of a fleet of vehicles can lead to more robust security. However, such a solution is not trivial because, in general, decentralised architecture solutions are faced with significant difficulties in terms of scalability. So, in this thesis, we set out to define an effective and secure solution for integrating a decentralised architecture dedicated to the vehicle communication system. We began by proposing a blockchain-based architecture for motorway toll systems. We then defined a solution based on operational research for the geographical distribution of blockchain networks. This solution guarantees effective management of the safety of vehicle networks as a function of road traffic. What's more, thanks to the improvements proposed, the smooth operation of all the C-ITS applications has been guaranteed. Finally, we have introduced a new solution for revoking cer- tificates in real time. The proposed approach, based on blockchain technology, aims to ensure a high level of security and significant scalability.

Abstract:

Vehicular communication networks are considered as a relevant solution to ensure the safety of road users and the fluidity of road traffic. Indeed, these vehicular networks allow the deployment of Cooperative Intelligent Transport Systems (C-ITS). Through C-ITS applications, vehicles could exchange information about road traffic and related events. However, as a side effect, these communications also make the vehicles more vulnerable to cyber attacks. Data exchange depends on a centralized security architecture, which is weakened as the number of vehicles increases. A better solution would be to use a decentralized security architecture to rectify this effect, where each vehicle could be involved in security management. Thus, the growth of a fleet of vehicles can lead to more robust security. However, such a solution is not trivial because, in general, decentralized architecture solutions are generally faced with significant scalability difficulties. Therefore, in this thesis, we are interested in defining an efficient and secure solution to integrate a decentralized architecture dedicated to the vehicular communication system. We started by proposing an architecture based on blockchain dedicated to highway toll systems. Subsequently, we defined a solution based on operational research for the geographical distribution of blockchain networks. This solution guarantees an efficient management of the security of the vehicle networks according to the traffic flow. Moreover, thanks to the proposed improvements, the proper functioning of all C-ITS applications could be guaranteed. Finally, we have introduced a new solution for the revocation of certificates in real time. The proposed approach, using Blockchain technology, aims to ensure a high level of security and significant scalability.