{"id":77811,"date":"2026-04-02T08:23:18","date_gmt":"2026-04-02T06:23:18","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.iemn.fr\/?p=77811"},"modified":"2026-04-03T13:58:00","modified_gmt":"2026-04-03T11:58:00","slug":"des-ondes-terahertz-ultra-confinees","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.iemn.fr\/en\/newsletter\/des-ondes-terahertz-ultra-confinees.html","title":{"rendered":"Des ondes t\u00e9rahertz ultra-confin\u00e9es"},"content":{"rendered":"<section  class='av_textblock_section av-mnee40a2-47197878d0a745d1504672cc2ea74e08'   itemscope=\"itemscope\" itemtype=\"https:\/\/schema.org\/BlogPosting\" itemprop=\"blogPost\" ><div class='avia_textblock'  itemprop=\"text\" ><h2 style=\"text-align: center; line-height: 30pt;\"><span style=\"color: #e05624;\">Des ondes t\u00e9rahertz ultra-confin\u00e9es<\/span><\/h2>\n<\/div><\/section>\n\n<style type=\"text\/css\" data-created_by=\"avia_inline_auto\" id=\"style-css-av-mneexonv-d272d8f23f2d908fbe1f5b3a996ed4b2\">\n#top .hr.av-mneexonv-d272d8f23f2d908fbe1f5b3a996ed4b2{\nmargin-top:20px;\nmargin-bottom:30px;\n}\n.hr.av-mneexonv-d272d8f23f2d908fbe1f5b3a996ed4b2 .hr-inner{\nwidth:500px;\nborder-color:#e05624;\nmax-width:45%;\n}\n.hr.av-mneexonv-d272d8f23f2d908fbe1f5b3a996ed4b2 .av-seperator-icon{\ncolor:#e05624;\n}\n<\/style>\n<div  class='hr av-mneexonv-d272d8f23f2d908fbe1f5b3a996ed4b2 hr-custom  avia-builder-el-1  el_after_av_textblock  el_before_av_one_half  hr-center hr-icon-yes'><span class='hr-inner inner-border-av-border-fat'><span class=\"hr-inner-style\"><\/span><\/span><span class='av-seperator-icon' aria-hidden='true' data-av_icon='\ue808' data-av_iconfont='entypo-fontello'><\/span><span class='hr-inner inner-border-av-border-fat'><span class=\"hr-inner-style\"><\/span><\/span><\/div>\n<div  class='flex_column av-s6g0g6-067ebddec9acc18e9731c5b8dfc22075 av_one_half  avia-builder-el-2  el_after_av_hr  el_before_av_one_half  first flex_column_div'     ><section  class='av_textblock_section av-mneeee81-3e5a6fd2acadd3fb80612ecb912b08e4'   itemscope=\"itemscope\" itemtype=\"https:\/\/schema.org\/BlogPosting\" itemprop=\"blogPost\" ><div class='avia_textblock'  itemprop=\"text\" ><p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.iemn.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/04\/visuel.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-77814 aligncenter\" src=\"https:\/\/www.iemn.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/04\/visuel.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"450\" height=\"455\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.iemn.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/04\/visuel.jpg 600w, https:\/\/www.iemn.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/04\/visuel-297x300.jpg 297w, https:\/\/www.iemn.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/04\/visuel-80x80.jpg 80w, https:\/\/www.iemn.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/04\/visuel-12x12.jpg 12w, https:\/\/www.iemn.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/04\/visuel-36x36.jpg 36w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 450px) 100vw, 450px\" \/><\/a><\/p>\n<h5>\n<style type=\"text\/css\" data-created_by=\"avia_inline_auto\" id=\"style-css-av-12jdxv7-53d3f52585b155077c41a3204d6f0d2d\">\n.av_font_icon.av-12jdxv7-53d3f52585b155077c41a3204d6f0d2d{\ncolor:#e05624;\nborder-color:#e05624;\n}\n.av_font_icon.av-12jdxv7-53d3f52585b155077c41a3204d6f0d2d .av-icon-char{\nfont-size:20px;\nline-height:20px;\n}\n<\/style>\n<span  class='av_font_icon av-12jdxv7-53d3f52585b155077c41a3204d6f0d2d avia_animate_when_visible av-icon-style- avia-icon-pos-left avia-icon-animate'><span class='av-icon-char' aria-hidden='true' data-av_icon='\ue89a' data-av_iconfont='entypo-fontello' ><\/span><\/span><\/h5>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Les ondes t\u00e9rahertz (THz) font partie de cette gamme de fr\u00e9quences des ondes \u00e9lectromagn\u00e9tiques situ\u00e9e entre les ondes radio de nos t\u00e9l\u00e9phones portables (microondes) et la lumi\u00e8re infrarouge (\u00e9mise par les objets chauds par exemple). Elles sont envisag\u00e9es pour le d\u00e9veloppement de futurs syst\u00e8mes de communication \u00e0 tr\u00e8s haut d\u00e9bit, tels que la 6G, ainsi que pour l\u2019imagerie (de s\u00e9curit\u00e9 par exemple), et la d\u00e9tection de mol\u00e9cules [1]. <strong><span style=\"color: #e05624;\">Dans ce travail [2], nous avons mis en \u00e9vidence une r\u00e9duction record de la longueur d\u2019onde des ondes THz d\u2019un facteur plusieurs centaines lorsqu\u2019elles se propage dans de tr\u00e8s fins cristaux d\u2019iodure de plomb PbI\u2082 (quelques centaines de nanom\u00e8tres d\u2019\u00e9paisseur). Les longueurs d\u2019ondes sont alors r\u00e9duites \u00e0 quelques microm\u00e8tres.<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n<\/div><\/section><\/div><div  class='flex_column av-1tmjtlf-242426c34fdf8072f5580c7d169eb535 av_one_half  avia-builder-el-5  el_after_av_one_half  avia-builder-el-last  flex_column_div'     ><section  class='av_textblock_section av-mnh3jglc-44ec91c1746b91507a3bd56674d68643'   itemscope=\"itemscope\" itemtype=\"https:\/\/schema.org\/BlogPosting\" itemprop=\"blogPost\" ><div class='avia_textblock'  itemprop=\"text\" ><h5>\n<style type=\"text\/css\" data-created_by=\"avia_inline_auto\" id=\"style-css-av-12jdxv7-3-73ef33b2236b11b8df2c62bd9553fdd9\">\n.av_font_icon.av-12jdxv7-3-73ef33b2236b11b8df2c62bd9553fdd9{\ncolor:#e05624;\nborder-color:#e05624;\n}\n.av_font_icon.av-12jdxv7-3-73ef33b2236b11b8df2c62bd9553fdd9 .av-icon-char{\nfont-size:20px;\nline-height:20px;\n}\n<\/style>\n<span  class='av_font_icon av-12jdxv7-3-73ef33b2236b11b8df2c62bd9553fdd9 avia_animate_when_visible av-icon-style- avia-icon-pos-left avia-icon-animate'><span class='av-icon-char' aria-hidden='true' data-av_icon='\ue89a' data-av_iconfont='entypo-fontello' ><\/span><\/span><\/h5>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">L\u2019observation de ces ondes a n\u00e9cessit\u00e9 la mise au point d\u2019un microscope d\u00e9di\u00e9 \u00e0 \u00ab champ proche \u00bb fonctionnant dans la gamme THz. L\u2019\u00e9l\u00e9ment essentiel d\u2019un tel microscope est une pointe m\u00e9tallique illumin\u00e9e par le faisceau focalis\u00e9 d\u2019un laser THz. Celle-ci joue le r\u00f4le d\u2019une petite antenne permettant de concentrer l\u2019onde THz \u00e0 son extr\u00e9mit\u00e9. Les pointes que nous avons utilis\u00e9es ont \u00e9t\u00e9 fabriqu\u00e9es dans la plateforme de micro-nano-fabrication de l\u2019IEMN par la soci\u00e9t\u00e9 Vmicro [3]. Pour expliquer la compression extr\u00eame des longueurs d\u2019ondes observ\u00e9es, il faut prendre en compte la structure atomique tr\u00e8s particuli\u00e8re, en feuillets, des cristaux de PbI\u2082. Dans ceux-ci les ondes THz ont des propri\u00e9t\u00e9s tr\u00e8s diff\u00e9rentes suivant qu\u2019elles se propagent dans le plan des couches ou perpendiculairement \u00e0 celles-ci. Cette diff\u00e9rence est exalt\u00e9e par le fait qu\u2019aux fr\u00e9quences THz mises en jeu dans notre microscope, les atomes de plomb et d\u2019iode sont mis en vibration tr\u00e8s fortement \u00e0 tel point que les photons THz se retrouvent tr\u00e8s fortement li\u00e9s aux vibrations des atomes, on parle alors de \u00ab polaritons \u00bb. Les cristaux de PbI\u2082 ayant des tailles de quelques dizaines de microm\u00e8tres nous avons pu observer des oscillations dans l\u2019image, prouvant l\u2019existence de polaritons ultra-confin\u00e9s (voir figure). Des mod\u00e9lisations et d\u2019autres mesures ont \u00e9t\u00e9 effectu\u00e9es en collaboration avec le CNPEM au Br\u00e9sil qui ont confirm\u00e9 l\u2019interpr\u00e9tation de ces images.<\/p>\n<h5>\n<style type=\"text\/css\" data-created_by=\"avia_inline_auto\" id=\"style-css-av-12jdxv7-2-fe67bac64febd52a309d9c2cc7a07f34\">\n.av_font_icon.av-12jdxv7-2-fe67bac64febd52a309d9c2cc7a07f34{\ncolor:#e05624;\nborder-color:#e05624;\n}\n.av_font_icon.av-12jdxv7-2-fe67bac64febd52a309d9c2cc7a07f34 .av-icon-char{\nfont-size:20px;\nline-height:20px;\n}\n<\/style>\n<span  class='av_font_icon av-12jdxv7-2-fe67bac64febd52a309d9c2cc7a07f34 avia_animate_when_visible av-icon-style- avia-icon-pos-left avia-icon-animate'><span class='av-icon-char' aria-hidden='true' data-av_icon='\ue842' data-av_iconfont='entypo-fontello' ><\/span><\/span><\/h5>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong><span style=\"color: #e05624;\">Ces observations effectu\u00e9es pour la premi\u00e8re fois dans la gamme THz, pour ce type de polaritons, permettent d\u2019envisager de nouveaux composants pour le traitement et le contr\u00f4le des ondes THz comme des guides d\u2019ondes, des modulateurs, des antennes de tailles tr\u00e8s r\u00e9duites compatibles avec une int\u00e9gration sur puce.<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n<h5>\n<style type=\"text\/css\" data-created_by=\"avia_inline_auto\" id=\"style-css-av-12jdxv7-1-626da4e300ff6ffc5a7de667ef34cd6e\">\n.av_font_icon.av-12jdxv7-1-626da4e300ff6ffc5a7de667ef34cd6e{\ncolor:#e05624;\nborder-color:#e05624;\n}\n.av_font_icon.av-12jdxv7-1-626da4e300ff6ffc5a7de667ef34cd6e .av-icon-char{\nfont-size:25px;\nline-height:25px;\n}\n<\/style>\n<span  class='av_font_icon av-12jdxv7-1-626da4e300ff6ffc5a7de667ef34cd6e avia_animate_when_visible av-icon-style- avia-icon-pos-left avia-icon-animate'><span class='av-icon-char' aria-hidden='true' data-av_icon='\ue826' data-av_iconfont='entypo-fontello' ><\/span><\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/www.doi.org\/10.1038\/s41467-026-69027-6\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><span style=\"color: #e05624;\"> En savoir +<\/span><\/a><\/h5>\n<hr \/>\n<p><em>[1] La r\u00e9volution des ondes t\u00e9rahertz, Julien Bourdet, CNRS le Journal, d\u00e9cembre 2020.<br \/>\n[2] Santos, C.N., Feres, F.H., Hannotte, T.\u00a0et al. High quality-factor terahertz phonon-polaritons in layered lead iodide. Nature Communications (2026). <a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/s41467-026-69027-6\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/s41467-026-69027-6<\/a><br \/>\n[3] vmicroafmprobes.com<br \/>\n[4] Centro Nacional de Pesquisa em Energia e Materials (CNPEM), Campinas, S\u00e3o Paulo, Brasil<\/em><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #f16728;\"><strong>\n<style type=\"text\/css\" data-created_by=\"avia_inline_auto\" id=\"style-css-av-u7hwgj-619e047e1720962866f92ebbef9257af\">\n.av_font_icon.av-u7hwgj-619e047e1720962866f92ebbef9257af{\ncolor:#f16728;\nborder-color:#f16728;\n}\n.av_font_icon.av-u7hwgj-619e047e1720962866f92ebbef9257af .av-icon-char{\nfont-size:25px;\nline-height:25px;\n}\n<\/style>\n<span  class='av_font_icon av-u7hwgj-619e047e1720962866f92ebbef9257af avia_animate_when_visible av-icon-style- avia-icon-pos-left avia-icon-animate'><span class='av-icon-char' aria-hidden='true' data-av_icon='\ue805' data-av_iconfont='entypo-fontello' ><\/span><\/span><\/strong><\/span>Contact : jean-francois.lampin<img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"align=absbottom wp-image-73335 size-full\" src=\"https:\/\/www.iemn.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/05\/arobase6.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"16\" height=\"14\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.iemn.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/05\/arobase6.png 16w, https:\/\/www.iemn.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/05\/arobase6-14x12.png 14w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 16px) 100vw, 16px\" \/>iemn.fr<\/p>\n<\/div><\/section><\/div><\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[297],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-77811","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-newsletter"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.iemn.fr\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/77811","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.iemn.fr\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.iemn.fr\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.iemn.fr\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.iemn.fr\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=77811"}],"version-history":[{"count":8,"href":"https:\/\/www.iemn.fr\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/77811\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":77876,"href":"https:\/\/www.iemn.fr\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/77811\/revisions\/77876"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.iemn.fr\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=77811"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.iemn.fr\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=77811"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.iemn.fr\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=77811"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}