{"id":62003,"date":"2024-01-04T10:21:21","date_gmt":"2024-01-04T08:21:21","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.iemn.fr\/?p=62003"},"modified":"2024-01-11T12:08:38","modified_gmt":"2024-01-11T10:08:38","slug":"la-vibration-des-insectes-une-inspiration-pour-la-science","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.iemn.fr\/en\/newsletter\/la-vibration-des-insectes-une-inspiration-pour-la-science.html","title":{"rendered":"La vibration des insectes, une inspiration pour la science"},"content":{"rendered":"<section  class='av_textblock_section av-lqyxq9dn-c5490d9fc93077a1d27d7f2250198625 '   itemscope=\"itemscope\" itemtype=\"https:\/\/schema.org\/BlogPosting\" itemprop=\"blogPost\" ><div class='avia_textblock'  itemprop=\"text\" ><h1 style=\"text-align: center;\">La vibration des insectes, une inspiration pour la science<\/h1>\n<\/div><\/section>\n<div  class='hr av-jegxlf-1f695ec2986b62be4d1136b18c896973 hr-default  avia-builder-el-1  el_after_av_textblock  el_before_av_textblock '><span class='hr-inner '><span class=\"hr-inner-style\"><\/span><\/span><\/div>\n\n<style type=\"text\/css\" data-created_by=\"avia_inline_auto\" id=\"style-css-av-lqyxsq54-b63f7449b43f5ade5be8d41f1eb6eaa0\">\n#top .av_textblock_section.av-lqyxsq54-b63f7449b43f5ade5be8d41f1eb6eaa0 .avia_textblock{\nfont-size:18px;\n}\n<\/style>\n<section  class='av_textblock_section av-lqyxsq54-b63f7449b43f5ade5be8d41f1eb6eaa0 '   itemscope=\"itemscope\" itemtype=\"https:\/\/schema.org\/BlogPosting\" itemprop=\"blogPost\" ><div class='avia_textblock'  itemprop=\"text\" ><p><strong>Parmi les esp\u00e8ces volantes observ\u00e9es dans la nature, les insectes ont certainement les capacit\u00e9s a\u00e9riennes les plus impressionnantes en termes de vol stationnaire ou d\u2019acc\u00e9l\u00e9ration, et restent in\u00e9gal\u00e9s \u00e0 ces \u00e9chelles au niveau du poids, de la taille et de leur efficacit\u00e9 \u00e9nerg\u00e9tique. Si la compr\u00e9hension des m\u00e9canismes de vol a longtemps \u00e9t\u00e9 sans r\u00e9ponse, on sait aujourd\u2019hui que la cl\u00e9 de telles performances repose principalement sur les mouvements sp\u00e9cifiques obtenus gr\u00e2ce \u00e0 leurs ailes flexibles ainsi que sur les forces a\u00e9rodynamiques instationnaires g\u00e9n\u00e9r\u00e9es. Une approche bio-inspir\u00e9e semble donc \u00eatre une voie prometteuse pour concevoir des nano-robots volants.<\/strong><br \/>\n<strong>L\u2019objectif du projet intitul\u00e9 \u00ab nano-robot bas\u00e9 sur le contr\u00f4le d\u2019ailes vibrantes \u00bb (NANOFLY) entre dans cette cat\u00e9gorie puisqu\u2019il s\u2019agit de r\u00e9aliser un objet de la taille d\u2019un insecte, aliment\u00e9 par des fils \u00e9lectriques, capable de d\u00e9coller et de faire du vol stationnaire.<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/div><\/section>\n\n<style type=\"text\/css\" data-created_by=\"avia_inline_auto\" id=\"style-css-av-1vhqoj-50d359c9aa8dd2fba3b99c310513892b\">\n.flex_column.av-1vhqoj-50d359c9aa8dd2fba3b99c310513892b{\nborder-radius:0px 0px 0px 0px;\npadding:0px 0px 0px 0px;\n}\n<\/style>\n<div  class='flex_column av-1vhqoj-50d359c9aa8dd2fba3b99c310513892b av_one_half  avia-builder-el-3  el_after_av_textblock  el_before_av_one_half  first flex_column_div av-zero-column-padding  column-top-margin'     ><p>\n<style type=\"text\/css\" data-created_by=\"avia_inline_auto\" id=\"style-css-av-lqz1mnn7-71390cd924870348f19f612ef1d3aa13\">\n.avia-video.av-lqz1mnn7-71390cd924870348f19f612ef1d3aa13{\nbackground-image:url(https:\/\/www.iemn.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/01\/visuel_objet_volant2-300x260.jpg);\npadding-bottom:116%;\n}\n<\/style>\n<div  class='avia-video av-lqz1mnn7-71390cd924870348f19f612ef1d3aa13 avia-video-custom av-preview-image avia-video-load-always avia-video-html5'  itemprop=\"video\" itemtype=\"https:\/\/schema.org\/VideoObject\"  data-original_url='https:\/\/www.iemn.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/01\/video_objet_volant.mp4'><video class='avia_video' poster=\"https:\/\/www.iemn.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/01\/visuel_objet_volant2-300x260.jpg\"   preload=\"auto\"  controls id='player_62003_197430867_1637110804'><source src='https:\/\/www.iemn.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/01\/video_objet_volant.mp4' type='video\/mp4' \/><\/video><\/div><br \/>\n<section  class='av_textblock_section av-lqz1vfp3-7ad41de5b9471961a9c2bf0e027a85f8 '   itemscope=\"itemscope\" itemtype=\"https:\/\/schema.org\/BlogPosting\" itemprop=\"blogPost\" ><div class='avia_textblock'  itemprop=\"text\" ><h5 style=\"text-align: left;\">\n<style type=\"text\/css\" data-created_by=\"avia_inline_auto\" id=\"style-css-av-13ewzjw-4a6e1ae8400b3af62d7bb9a4dba30623\">\n.av_font_icon.av-13ewzjw-4a6e1ae8400b3af62d7bb9a4dba30623{\ncolor:#800000;\nborder-color:#800000;\n}\n.av_font_icon.av-13ewzjw-4a6e1ae8400b3af62d7bb9a4dba30623 .av-icon-char{\nfont-size:20px;\nline-height:20px;\n}\n<\/style>\n<span  class='av_font_icon av-13ewzjw-4a6e1ae8400b3af62d7bb9a4dba30623 avia_animate_when_visible av-icon-style- avia-icon-pos-left avia-icon-animate'><span class='av-icon-char' aria-hidden='true' data-av_icon='\ue80d' data-av_iconfont='entypo-fontello' ><\/span><\/span> Vid\u00e9o 1\u00a0: actionnement des ailes<\/h5>\n<\/div><\/section><\/p><\/div>\n\n<style type=\"text\/css\" data-created_by=\"avia_inline_auto\" id=\"style-css-av-44zzeb-210de520947217f64361e6440404e25f\">\n.flex_column.av-44zzeb-210de520947217f64361e6440404e25f{\nborder-radius:0px 0px 0px 0px;\npadding:0px 0px 0px 0px;\n}\n<\/style>\n<div  class='flex_column av-44zzeb-210de520947217f64361e6440404e25f av_one_half  avia-builder-el-7  el_after_av_one_half  el_before_av_one_half  flex_column_div av-zero-column-padding  column-top-margin'     ><p>\n<style type=\"text\/css\" data-created_by=\"avia_inline_auto\" id=\"style-css-av-lqz1mnn7-6e3a6fa941ea40dd7abdb102c1647d6c\">\n.avia-video.av-lqz1mnn7-6e3a6fa941ea40dd7abdb102c1647d6c{\nbackground-image:url(https:\/\/www.iemn.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/01\/visuel_objet_volant-300x260.jpg);\npadding-bottom:116%;\n}\n<\/style>\n<div  class='avia-video av-lqz1mnn7-6e3a6fa941ea40dd7abdb102c1647d6c avia-video-custom av-preview-image avia-video-load-always avia-video-html5'  itemprop=\"video\" itemtype=\"https:\/\/schema.org\/VideoObject\"  data-original_url='https:\/\/www.iemn.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/01\/video_objet_volant_5.mp4'><video class='avia_video' poster=\"https:\/\/www.iemn.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/01\/visuel_objet_volant-300x260.jpg\"   preload=\"auto\"  controls id='player_62003_1140590573_926646108'><source src='https:\/\/www.iemn.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/01\/video_objet_volant_5.mp4' type='video\/mp4' \/><\/video><\/div><br \/>\n<section  class='av_textblock_section av-lqz1vfp3-7ad41de5b9471961a9c2bf0e027a85f8 '   itemscope=\"itemscope\" itemtype=\"https:\/\/schema.org\/BlogPosting\" itemprop=\"blogPost\" ><div class='avia_textblock'  itemprop=\"text\" ><h5 style=\"text-align: left;\">\n<style type=\"text\/css\" data-created_by=\"avia_inline_auto\" id=\"style-css-av-13ewzjw-4a6e1ae8400b3af62d7bb9a4dba30623\">\n.av_font_icon.av-13ewzjw-4a6e1ae8400b3af62d7bb9a4dba30623{\ncolor:#800000;\nborder-color:#800000;\n}\n.av_font_icon.av-13ewzjw-4a6e1ae8400b3af62d7bb9a4dba30623 .av-icon-char{\nfont-size:20px;\nline-height:20px;\n}\n<\/style>\n<span  class='av_font_icon av-13ewzjw-4a6e1ae8400b3af62d7bb9a4dba30623 avia_animate_when_visible av-icon-style- avia-icon-pos-left avia-icon-animate'><span class='av-icon-char' aria-hidden='true' data-av_icon='\ue80d' data-av_iconfont='entypo-fontello' ><\/span><\/span> Vid\u00e9o 2 : soul\u00e8vement du nano-robot attach\u00e9 \u00e0 une poutre rigide<\/h5>\n<\/div><\/section><\/p><\/div>\n\n<style type=\"text\/css\" data-created_by=\"avia_inline_auto\" id=\"style-css-av-14q0yoj-83114c87e0c08c19d8cbb2553384065e\">\n.flex_column.av-14q0yoj-83114c87e0c08c19d8cbb2553384065e{\nborder-radius:0px 0px 0px 0px;\npadding:0px 0px 0px 0px;\n}\n<\/style>\n<div  class='flex_column av-14q0yoj-83114c87e0c08c19d8cbb2553384065e av_one_half  avia-builder-el-11  el_after_av_one_half  el_before_av_one_half  first flex_column_div av-zero-column-padding  column-top-margin'     ><section  class='av_textblock_section av-lqyxsq54-413eddb0e72dfdd7b0d7b871efe4640f '   itemscope=\"itemscope\" itemtype=\"https:\/\/schema.org\/BlogPosting\" itemprop=\"blogPost\" ><div class='avia_textblock'  itemprop=\"text\" ><h5 style=\"text-align: left;\">\n<style type=\"text\/css\" data-created_by=\"avia_inline_auto\" id=\"style-css-av-13ewzjw-d9a3c433f95a8ada0341ef5516a26d08\">\n.av_font_icon.av-13ewzjw-d9a3c433f95a8ada0341ef5516a26d08{\ncolor:#800000;\nborder-color:#800000;\n}\n.av_font_icon.av-13ewzjw-d9a3c433f95a8ada0341ef5516a26d08 .av-icon-char{\nfont-size:20px;\nline-height:20px;\n}\n<\/style>\n<span  class='av_font_icon av-13ewzjw-d9a3c433f95a8ada0341ef5516a26d08 avia_animate_when_visible av-icon-style- avia-icon-pos-left avia-icon-animate'><span class='av-icon-char' aria-hidden='true' data-av_icon='\ue871' data-av_iconfont='entypo-fontello' ><\/span><\/span><\/h5>\n<p>Les premiers d\u00e9veloppements ont d\u00e9j\u00e0 permis des avanc\u00e9es majeures : l\u2019\u00e9quipe NANOFLY est ainsi la premi\u00e8re \u00e0 avoir employ\u00e9 les technologies des microsyst\u00e8mes [1] pour fabriquer le squelette du nano-robot d\u2019une envergure de 25 mm. Sa conception s\u2019inspire directement de l\u2019ordre des dipt\u00e8res et est constitu\u00e9e d\u2019un support, d\u2019une partie mobile, un tergum et deux ailes, et d\u2019une partie fixe, le thorax (Fig. 1). L\u2019utilisation de la photolithographie optique et des proc\u00e9d\u00e9s de gravures offre l\u2019avantage d\u2019\u00eatre rapide et reproductible, et a conduit \u00e0 l\u2019obtention d\u2019un squelette en r\u00e9sine polym\u00e8re SU-8 avec des \u00e9paisseurs variant entre 0.4 mm et 0.3 mm ainsi qu\u2019\u00e0 des membranes pour les ailes en mat\u00e9riau Paryl\u00e8ne et d\u2019\u00e9paisseurs \u00e9gales \u00e0 400nm. A l\u2019instar des insectes qui se servent de leurs muscles pour faire vibrer leur thorax et entra\u00eener les ailes \u00e0 plusieurs centaines de battement par seconde, nous avons d\u00e9cid\u00e9 de travailler avec un syst\u00e8me int\u00e9gralement r\u00e9sonant, sans articulation, excit\u00e9 par un actionneur \u00e9lectromagn\u00e9tique et avec des ailes flexibles de fa\u00e7on \u00e0 amplifier le mouvement. En outre, notre originalit\u00e9 est d\u2019utiliser un principe de combinaison de deux modes vibratoires de flexion et de torsion des ailes en quadrature de phase [2], pour reproduire la cin\u00e9matique ad\u00e9quate. Les premiers essais ont permis de d\u00e9montrer l\u2019obtention d\u2019une force de portance \u00e9quivalente au poids du prototype (22mg) avec des valeurs respectives de 30\u00b0 et 15\u00b0 pour les angles de battement et d\u2019inclinaison des ailes (Fig.2).<\/p>\n<\/div><\/section><\/div>\n\n<style type=\"text\/css\" data-created_by=\"avia_inline_auto\" id=\"style-css-av-ra3u6r-f456f3dcd027156143cb933473b8af15\">\n.flex_column.av-ra3u6r-f456f3dcd027156143cb933473b8af15{\nborder-radius:0px 0px 0px 0px;\npadding:0px 0px 0px 0px;\n}\n<\/style>\n<div  class='flex_column av-ra3u6r-f456f3dcd027156143cb933473b8af15 av_one_half  avia-builder-el-14  el_after_av_one_half  el_before_av_one_half  flex_column_div av-zero-column-padding  column-top-margin'     ><section  class='av_textblock_section av-lqyxsq54-413eddb0e72dfdd7b0d7b871efe4640f '   itemscope=\"itemscope\" itemtype=\"https:\/\/schema.org\/BlogPosting\" itemprop=\"blogPost\" ><div class='avia_textblock'  itemprop=\"text\" ><h5 style=\"text-align: left;\">\n<style type=\"text\/css\" data-created_by=\"avia_inline_auto\" id=\"style-css-av-13ewzjw-d9a3c433f95a8ada0341ef5516a26d08\">\n.av_font_icon.av-13ewzjw-d9a3c433f95a8ada0341ef5516a26d08{\ncolor:#800000;\nborder-color:#800000;\n}\n.av_font_icon.av-13ewzjw-d9a3c433f95a8ada0341ef5516a26d08 .av-icon-char{\nfont-size:20px;\nline-height:20px;\n}\n<\/style>\n<span  class='av_font_icon av-13ewzjw-d9a3c433f95a8ada0341ef5516a26d08 avia_animate_when_visible av-icon-style- avia-icon-pos-left avia-icon-animate'><span class='av-icon-char' aria-hidden='true' data-av_icon='\ue871' data-av_iconfont='entypo-fontello' ><\/span><\/span><\/h5>\n<p>Les d\u00e9fis actuels concernent le d\u00e9collage du nano-robot [3] : en premier lieu, l\u2019objectif est de mieux comprendre les effets de couplages a\u00e9ro-\u00e9lastiques afin d\u2019obtenir une force de portance 3 fois sup\u00e9rieure \u00e0 celle du poids des prototypes. Il est en effet essentiel d\u2019accro\u00eetre cette force de portance si l\u2019on souhaite que le nano-robot soit capable de d\u00e9coller en transportant une charge utile. Le second d\u00e9fi est d\u2019obtenir sa stabilisation lors d\u2019un vol stationnaire pendant une dur\u00e9e minimale de 10 s, ce qui demande de renforcer la partie commande de vol et de mettre en \u0153uvre les fonctions \u00e9lectroniques n\u00e9cessaires pour un contr\u00f4le \u00e0 distance. Le troisi\u00e8me d\u00e9fi porte sur une veille scientifique et technologique en vue d\u2019assurer \u00e0 terme l\u2019autonomie du nano-robot et son utilisation pour des missions de reconnaissance. Il s\u2019agit d\u2019analyser les solutions actuelles et en devenir qui permettraient d\u2019une part, de miniaturiser et all\u00e9ger la carte \u00e9lectronique existante et d\u2019autre part, d\u2019identifier la charge utile et les sources d&rsquo;\u00e9nergie appropri\u00e9es en choisissant des composants et des capteurs de faible masse n\u00e9cessitant tr\u00e8s peu de ressources \u00e9nerg\u00e9tiques. Parmi les pistes envisag\u00e9es, nous nous int\u00e9resserons notamment aux circuits \u00e9lectroniques hybrid\u00e9s, aux micro-cam\u00e9ras CMOS et aux super-capacit\u00e9s.<\/p>\n<p><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/anr.fr\/Projet-ANR-19-ASTR-0023\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">\n<style type=\"text\/css\" data-created_by=\"avia_inline_auto\" id=\"style-css-av-13ewzjw-54a6cdcb1af7045487dcf8dbe73e7cd6\">\n.av_font_icon.av-13ewzjw-54a6cdcb1af7045487dcf8dbe73e7cd6{\ncolor:#800000;\nborder-color:#800000;\n}\n.av_font_icon.av-13ewzjw-54a6cdcb1af7045487dcf8dbe73e7cd6 .av-icon-char{\nfont-size:20px;\nline-height:20px;\n}\n<\/style>\n<span  class='av_font_icon av-13ewzjw-54a6cdcb1af7045487dcf8dbe73e7cd6 avia_animate_when_visible av-icon-style- avia-icon-pos-left avia-icon-animate'><span class='av-icon-char' aria-hidden='true' data-av_icon='\ue826' data-av_iconfont='entypo-fontello' ><\/span><\/span>https:\/\/anr.fr\/Projet-ANR-19-ASTR-0023<\/a><\/strong><\/p>\n<\/div><\/section><\/div>\n\n<style type=\"text\/css\" data-created_by=\"avia_inline_auto\" id=\"style-css-av-27afteb-e9b260f82c1b361091afc93b2d53413f\">\n.flex_column.av-27afteb-e9b260f82c1b361091afc93b2d53413f{\nborder-radius:0px 0px 0px 0px;\npadding:0px 0px 0px 0px;\n}\n<\/style>\n<div  class='flex_column av-27afteb-e9b260f82c1b361091afc93b2d53413f av_one_half  avia-builder-el-18  el_after_av_one_half  el_before_av_one_half  first flex_column_div av-zero-column-padding  column-top-margin'     ><section  class='av_textblock_section av-lqyy74us-8989b1f56c0b30e440e0656b3863bc91 '   itemscope=\"itemscope\" itemtype=\"https:\/\/schema.org\/BlogPosting\" itemprop=\"blogPost\" ><div class='avia_textblock'  itemprop=\"text\" ><div id=\"attachment_62006\" style=\"width: 494px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.iemn.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/01\/objet_volant_2.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-62006\" class=\"wp-image-62006 size-full\" src=\"https:\/\/www.iemn.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/01\/objet_volant_2.jpg\" alt=\"Fig. 1. a) Vue \u00e9clat\u00e9e des diff\u00e9rents composants du prototype\" width=\"484\" height=\"286\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.iemn.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/01\/objet_volant_2.jpg 484w, https:\/\/www.iemn.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/01\/objet_volant_2-300x177.jpg 300w, https:\/\/www.iemn.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/01\/objet_volant_2-18x12.jpg 18w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 484px) 100vw, 484px\" \/><\/a><p id=\"caption-attachment-62006\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">Fig. 1. a) Vue \u00e9clat\u00e9e des diff\u00e9rents composants du prototype<\/p><\/div>\n<\/div><\/section><\/div>\n\n<style type=\"text\/css\" data-created_by=\"avia_inline_auto\" id=\"style-css-av-1hag99v-072a6a8638486caffe3cf3e850296bfa\">\n.flex_column.av-1hag99v-072a6a8638486caffe3cf3e850296bfa{\nborder-radius:0px 0px 0px 0px;\npadding:0px 0px 0px 0px;\n}\n<\/style>\n<div  class='flex_column av-1hag99v-072a6a8638486caffe3cf3e850296bfa av_one_half  avia-builder-el-20  el_after_av_one_half  el_before_av_three_fifth  flex_column_div av-zero-column-padding  column-top-margin'     ><section  class='av_textblock_section av-lqyy74us-8989b1f56c0b30e440e0656b3863bc91 '   itemscope=\"itemscope\" itemtype=\"https:\/\/schema.org\/BlogPosting\" itemprop=\"blogPost\" ><div class='avia_textblock'  itemprop=\"text\" ><div id=\"attachment_62007\" style=\"width: 480px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.iemn.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/01\/objet_volant.png\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-62007\" class=\"wp-image-62007 size-full\" src=\"https:\/\/www.iemn.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/01\/objet_volant.png\" alt=\"Fig. 1. (b) prototype de nano-robot d'une envergure de 25 mm et d'un poids total de 22 mg\" width=\"470\" height=\"308\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.iemn.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/01\/objet_volant.png 470w, https:\/\/www.iemn.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/01\/objet_volant-300x197.png 300w, https:\/\/www.iemn.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/01\/objet_volant-18x12.png 18w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 470px) 100vw, 470px\" \/><\/a><p id=\"caption-attachment-62007\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">Fig. 1. (b) prototype de nano-robot d&rsquo;une envergure de 25 mm et d&rsquo;un poids total de 22 mg<\/p><\/div>\n<\/div><\/section><\/div>\n\n<style type=\"text\/css\" data-created_by=\"avia_inline_auto\" id=\"style-css-av-14alu43-c8114584c56bf2613348247d4723d0e8\">\n.flex_column.av-14alu43-c8114584c56bf2613348247d4723d0e8{\nborder-radius:0px 0px 0px 0px;\npadding:0px 0px 0px 0px;\n}\n<\/style>\n<div  class='flex_column av-14alu43-c8114584c56bf2613348247d4723d0e8 av_three_fifth  avia-builder-el-22  el_after_av_one_half  el_before_av_two_fifth  first flex_column_div av-zero-column-padding  column-top-margin'     ><section  class='av_textblock_section av-lqyy74us-8989b1f56c0b30e440e0656b3863bc91 '   itemscope=\"itemscope\" itemtype=\"https:\/\/schema.org\/BlogPosting\" itemprop=\"blogPost\" ><div class='avia_textblock'  itemprop=\"text\" ><div id=\"attachment_62008\" style=\"width: 610px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.iemn.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/01\/objet_volant_3.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-62008\" class=\"wp-image-62008 size-full\" src=\"https:\/\/www.iemn.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/01\/objet_volant_3.jpg\" alt=\"Fig. 2. a) d\u00e9form\u00e9es exp\u00e9rimentales \u00e0 la r\u00e9sonance : modes de flexion et de torsion, b) Fonction de R\u00e9ponse en Fr\u00e9quence du prototype prise \u00e0 l'extr\u00e9mit\u00e9 gauche de l'aile du bord d'attaque, zoom\u00e9e sur la gamme de fr\u00e9quence d'int\u00e9r\u00eat. c) Force de portance moyenne pour plusieurs fr\u00e9quences d'excitation avec ajustement \u00e0 l\u2019aide d\u2019une courbe polynomiale.\" width=\"600\" height=\"637\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.iemn.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/01\/objet_volant_3.jpg 600w, https:\/\/www.iemn.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/01\/objet_volant_3-283x300.jpg 283w, https:\/\/www.iemn.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/01\/objet_volant_3-11x12.jpg 11w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 600px) 100vw, 600px\" \/><\/a><p id=\"caption-attachment-62008\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">Fig. 2. a) D\u00e9formations exp\u00e9rimentales \u00e0 la r\u00e9sonance : modes de flexion et de torsion, b) Fonction de R\u00e9ponse en Fr\u00e9quence du prototype prise \u00e0 l&rsquo;extr\u00e9mit\u00e9 gauche de l&rsquo;aile du bord d&rsquo;attaque, zoom\u00e9e sur la gamme de fr\u00e9quence d&rsquo;int\u00e9r\u00eat. c) Force de portance moyenne pour plusieurs fr\u00e9quences d&rsquo;excitation avec ajustement \u00e0 l\u2019aide d\u2019une courbe polynomiale.<\/p><\/div>\n<p><div  class='avia-button-wrap av-rpqvoq-cca8dd2f14d3bd0b5061e96c7d7af682-wrap avia-button-left  avia-builder-el-24  el_before_av_button  avia-builder-el-first '><a href='mailto:sebastien.grondel@uphf.fr'  class='avia-button av-rpqvoq-cca8dd2f14d3bd0b5061e96c7d7af682 av-link-btn avia-icon_select-yes-left-icon avia-size-small avia-position-left avia-color-silver'   aria-label=\"sebastien.grondel@uphf.fr\"><span class='avia_button_icon avia_button_icon_left' aria-hidden='true' data-av_icon='\ue805' data-av_iconfont='entypo-fontello'><\/span><span class='avia_iconbox_title' >sebastien.grondel@uphf.fr<\/span><\/a><\/div> <div  class='avia-button-wrap av-rpqvoq-ffdf7eae16a45ef5f4167194e551853f-wrap avia-button-left  avia-builder-el-25  el_after_av_button  el_before_av_button '><a href='mailto:eric.cattan@uphf.fr'  class='avia-button av-rpqvoq-ffdf7eae16a45ef5f4167194e551853f av-link-btn avia-icon_select-yes-left-icon avia-size-small avia-position-left avia-color-silver'   aria-label=\"eric.cattan@uphf.fr\"><span class='avia_button_icon avia_button_icon_left' aria-hidden='true' data-av_icon='\ue805' data-av_iconfont='entypo-fontello'><\/span><span class='avia_iconbox_title' >eric.cattan@uphf.fr<\/span><\/a><\/div> <div  class='avia-button-wrap av-rpqvoq-b8ad416900336a554335b1fe7e986101-wrap avia-button-left  avia-builder-el-26  el_after_av_button  el_before_av_button '><a href='mailto:Sofiane.Ghenna@uphf.fr'  class='avia-button av-rpqvoq-b8ad416900336a554335b1fe7e986101 av-link-btn avia-icon_select-yes-left-icon avia-size-small avia-position-left avia-color-silver'   aria-label=\"Sofiane.Ghenna@uphf.fr\"><span class='avia_button_icon avia_button_icon_left' aria-hidden='true' data-av_icon='\ue805' data-av_iconfont='entypo-fontello'><\/span><span class='avia_iconbox_title' >Sofiane.Ghenna@uphf.fr<\/span><\/a><\/div> <div  class='avia-button-wrap av-rpqvoq-c05c08c1b8bb3a42c81f40ce9eb746a3-wrap avia-button-left  avia-builder-el-27  el_after_av_button  el_before_av_button '><a href='mailto:Caroline.Soyer@uphf.fr'  class='avia-button av-rpqvoq-c05c08c1b8bb3a42c81f40ce9eb746a3 av-link-btn avia-icon_select-yes-left-icon avia-size-small avia-position-left avia-color-silver'   aria-label=\"Caroline.Soyer@uphf.fr\"><span class='avia_button_icon avia_button_icon_left' aria-hidden='true' data-av_icon='\ue805' data-av_iconfont='entypo-fontello'><\/span><span class='avia_iconbox_title' >Caroline.Soyer@uphf.fr<\/span><\/a><\/div> <div  class='avia-button-wrap av-rpqvoq-f98e9ecc2b08f96f4f1ccfe57c171c0e-wrap avia-button-left  avia-builder-el-28  el_after_av_button  avia-builder-el-last '><a href='mailto:Marie.Zwingelstein-Colin@uphf.fr'  class='avia-button av-rpqvoq-f98e9ecc2b08f96f4f1ccfe57c171c0e av-link-btn avia-icon_select-yes-left-icon avia-size-small avia-position-left avia-color-silver'   aria-label=\"Marie.Zwingelstein-Colin@uphf.fr\"><span class='avia_button_icon avia_button_icon_left' aria-hidden='true' data-av_icon='\ue805' data-av_iconfont='entypo-fontello'><\/span><span class='avia_iconbox_title' >Marie.Zwingelstein-Colin@uphf.fr<\/span><\/a><\/div><\/p>\n<\/div><\/section><\/div>\n<style type=\"text\/css\" data-created_by=\"avia_inline_auto\" id=\"style-css-av-iu870z-143c04dddde570fb58f15308d0aba46f\">\n.flex_column.av-iu870z-143c04dddde570fb58f15308d0aba46f{\nborder-radius:0px 0px 0px 0px;\npadding:0px 0px 0px 0px;\n}\n<\/style>\n<div  class='flex_column av-iu870z-143c04dddde570fb58f15308d0aba46f av_two_fifth  avia-builder-el-29  el_after_av_three_fifth  avia-builder-el-last  flex_column_div av-zero-column-padding  column-top-margin'     ><section  class='av_textblock_section av-lqyy74us-8989b1f56c0b30e440e0656b3863bc91 '   itemscope=\"itemscope\" itemtype=\"https:\/\/schema.org\/BlogPosting\" itemprop=\"blogPost\" ><div class='avia_textblock'  itemprop=\"text\" ><p><em><strong>R\u00e9f\u00e9rences\u00a0:<\/strong> <\/em><br \/>\n<em>\u00a0<\/em><br \/>\n<em>[1] Bao, X. Q., et al. \u00ab\u00a0Design and fabrication of insect-inspired composite wings for MAV application using MEMS technology.\u00a0\u00bb Journal of Micromechanics and Microengineering 21.12 (2011): 125020.<\/em><br \/>\n<em>[2] Faux, D., Thomas, O., Cattan, E., &amp; Grondel, S. (2018). Two modes resonant combined motion for insect wings kinematics reproduction and lift generation. Europhysics Letters, 121(6), 66001.<\/em><br \/>\n<em>[3] Grondel, S\u00e9bastien, et al. \u00ab\u00a0Towards the use of flapping wing nano aerial vehicles.\u00a0\u00bb Modern Technologies Enabling Safe and Secure UAV Operation in Urban Airspace 59 (2021): 52.<\/em><\/p>\n<p><em><strong>Diss\u00e9mination vers le grand public :<\/strong> <\/em><\/p>\n<p>1. E. Cattan<br \/>\nLe plus petit drone du monde pr\u00e9sent\u00e9 \u00e0 Valenciennes, Journal T\u00e9l\u00e9vis\u00e9 France 3, 19\/20 Nord Pas-de-Calais, 10 octobre 2023<br \/>\n<a href=\"https:\/\/france3-regions.francetvinfo.fr\/archives\/2023\/10-octobre-2023\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">https:\/\/france3-regions.francetvinfo.fr\/archives\/2023\/10-octobre-2023<\/a><\/p>\n<p>2. E. Cattan, S. Grondel, Quand la nature inspire l\u2019innovation, Exposition \u00e0 l&rsquo;IMTD, 10 octobre 2023<br \/>\n<a href=\"https:\/\/imtd.fr\/evenements\/expo-nature-inspire-innovation\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">https:\/\/imtd.fr\/evenements\/expo-nature-inspire-innovation\/<\/a><\/p>\n<p>3. S. Grondel, E. Cattan, Ces chercheurs qui se sont mis en t\u00eate de faire voler un drone de la taille d\u2019une mouche, La Voix du Nord, 4 octobre 2023<br \/>\n<a href=\"https:\/\/www.lavoixdunord.fr\/1381005\/article\/2023-10-04\/ces-chercheurs-qui-se-sont-mis-en-tete-de-faire-voler-un-drone-de-la-taille-d\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">https:\/\/www.lavoixdunord.fr\/1381005\/article\/2023-10-04\/ces-chercheurs-qui-se-sont-mis-en-tete-de-faire-voler-un-drone-de-la-taille-d<\/a><\/p>\n<p>4. S. Grondel, H. Poirier, Du microrobot au nanorobot, France Culture, Continent sciences, 30 mai 2016<br \/>\n<a href=\"https:\/\/www.radiofrance.fr\/franceculture\/podcasts\/continent-sciences\/du-microrobot-au-nanorobot-2637360\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">https:\/\/www.radiofrance.fr\/franceculture\/podcasts\/continent-sciences\/du-microrobot-au-nanorobot-2637360<\/a><\/p>\n<p>5. S. Grondel, Le robot-abeille, Science &amp; Vie, n\u00b01185, 58-59, juin 2016,<br \/>\n<a href=\"https:\/\/www.science-et-vie.com\/article-magazine\/robot-abeille-ses-ailes-vibrantes-reinventent-le-vol\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">https:\/\/www.science-et-vie.com\/article-magazine\/robot-abeille-ses-ailes-vibrantes-reinventent-le-vol<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div><\/section><\/div><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":"","_members_access_role":[],"_members_access_error":""},"categories":[297],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-62003","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-newsletter"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.iemn.fr\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/62003","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.iemn.fr\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.iemn.fr\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.iemn.fr\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.iemn.fr\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=62003"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/www.iemn.fr\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/62003\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":78066,"href":"https:\/\/www.iemn.fr\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/62003\/revisions\/78066"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.iemn.fr\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=62003"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.iemn.fr\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=62003"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.iemn.fr\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=62003"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}