{"id":61106,"date":"2023-12-01T17:13:31","date_gmt":"2023-12-01T15:13:31","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.iemn.fr\/?p=61106"},"modified":"2023-12-01T17:13:31","modified_gmt":"2023-12-01T15:13:31","slug":"these-ali-reda-une-etude-mecanique-multi-echelle-des-tiges-et-des-fibres-de-lin-pour-le-developpement-dun-outil-de-terrain-capable-de-predire-le-rouissage-optimal","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.iemn.fr\/en\/agenda\/these-ali-reda-une-etude-mecanique-multi-echelle-des-tiges-et-des-fibres-de-lin-pour-le-developpement-dun-outil-de-terrain-capable-de-predire-le-rouissage-optimal.html","title":{"rendered":"THESE Ali REDA \u2013 \u00ab\u00a0Une \u00e9tude m\u00e9canique multi-\u00e9chelle des tiges et des fibres de lin pour le d\u00e9veloppement d\u2019un outil de terrain capable de pr\u00e9dire le rouissage optimal"},"content":{"rendered":"<div id='layer_slider_1'  class='avia-layerslider main_color avia-shadow  avia-builder-el-0  el_before_av_heading  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https:\/\/www.iemn.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/01\/sliders_news1-705x73.jpg 705w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 2600px) 100vw, 2600px\" \/><ls-layer style=\"font-size:14px;text-align:left;font-style:normal;text-decoration:none;text-transform:none;font-weight:700;letter-spacing:0px;border-style:solid;border-color:#000;background-position:0% 0%;background-repeat:no-repeat;width:180px;height:30px;left:0px;top:231px;line-height:32px;color:#ffffff;border-radius:6px 6px 6px 6px;padding-left:50px;background-color:rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.57);\" class=\"ls-l ls-ib-icon ls-text-layer\" data-ls=\"minfontsize:0;minmobilefontsize:0;\"><i class=\"fa fa-quote-right\" style=\"color:#ffffff;margin-right:0.8em;font-size:1em;transform:translateY( -0.125em );\"><\/i>ACTUALITES<\/ls-layer><\/div><\/div><\/div><div id='after_layer_slider_1'  class='main_color av_default_container_wrap container_wrap sidebar_right'  ><div class='container av-section-cont-open' ><div class='template-page content  av-content-small alpha units'><div class='post-entry post-entry-type-page post-entry-61106'><div class='entry-content-wrapper clearfix'>\n\n<style type=\"text\/css\" data-created_by=\"avia_inline_auto\" id=\"style-css-av-av_heading-270e0868fc054a77c85ae21252023064\">\n#top .av-special-heading.av-av_heading-270e0868fc054a77c85ae21252023064{\nmargin:0 0 10px 0;\npadding-bottom:4px;\n}\nbody .av-special-heading.av-av_heading-270e0868fc054a77c85ae21252023064 .av-special-heading-tag .heading-char{\nfont-size:25px;\n}\n.av-special-heading.av-av_heading-270e0868fc054a77c85ae21252023064 .av-subheading{\nfont-size:15px;\n}\n<\/style>\n<div  class='av-special-heading av-av_heading-270e0868fc054a77c85ae21252023064 av-special-heading-h2  avia-builder-el-1  el_after_av_layerslider  el_before_av_hr  avia-builder-el-first'><h2 class='av-special-heading-tag'  itemprop=\"headline\"  >THESE Ali REDA \u2013 \u00ab\u00a0Une \u00e9tude m\u00e9canique multi-\u00e9chelle des tiges et des fibres de lin pour le d\u00e9veloppement d\u2019un outil de terrain capable de pr\u00e9dire le rouissage optimal<\/h2><div class=\"special-heading-border\"><div class=\"special-heading-inner-border\"><\/div><\/div><\/div>\n\n<style type=\"text\/css\" data-created_by=\"avia_inline_auto\" id=\"style-css-av-18u73nj-dad6a947580930e400fc42ba200e80f1\">\n#top .hr.av-18u73nj-dad6a947580930e400fc42ba200e80f1{\nmargin-top:5px;\nmargin-bottom:5px;\n}\n.hr.av-18u73nj-dad6a947580930e400fc42ba200e80f1 .hr-inner{\nwidth:100%;\n}\n<\/style>\n<div  class='hr av-18u73nj-dad6a947580930e400fc42ba200e80f1 hr-custom  avia-builder-el-2  el_after_av_heading  el_before_av_textblock  hr-left hr-icon-no'><span class='hr-inner inner-border-av-border-thin'><span class=\"hr-inner-style\"><\/span><\/span><\/div>\n<section  class='av_textblock_section av-jriy64i8-2f4600354c0449b610997916bbd9b6bc'   itemscope=\"itemscope\" itemtype=\"https:\/\/schema.org\/BlogPosting\" itemprop=\"blogPost\" ><div class='avia_textblock'  itemprop=\"text\" >\n<style type=\"text\/css\" data-created_by=\"avia_inline_auto\" id=\"style-css-av-13ewzjw-68e036126b913e5028f77311dc66b825\">\n.av_font_icon.av-13ewzjw-68e036126b913e5028f77311dc66b825{\ncolor:#bfbfbf;\nborder-color:#bfbfbf;\n}\n.av_font_icon.av-13ewzjw-68e036126b913e5028f77311dc66b825 .av-icon-char{\nfont-size:60px;\nline-height:60px;\n}\n<\/style>\n<span  class='av_font_icon av-13ewzjw-68e036126b913e5028f77311dc66b825 avia_animate_when_visible av-icon-style- avia-icon-pos-left avia-icon-animate'><span class='av-icon-char' aria-hidden='true' data-av_icon='\ue8c9' data-av_iconfont='entypo-fontello' ><\/span><\/span>\n<p>Ali REDA<\/p>\n<p><strong>Soutenance : 7 D\u00e9cembre 2023 \u00e0 14H30<br \/>\n<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Salle : Salle 259 (Huis clos car la th\u00e8se est confidentielle).<\/p>\n<\/div><\/section>\n<section  class='av_textblock_section av-jtefqx33-628129dba2299b2ecd65ebfc92eac29d'   itemscope=\"itemscope\" itemtype=\"https:\/\/schema.org\/BlogPosting\" itemprop=\"blogPost\" ><div class='avia_textblock'  itemprop=\"text\" ><div  class='hr av-kjh3zw-4dff888f744b728a1aca9b3a0971493a hr-default  avia-builder-el-6  avia-builder-el-no-sibling'><span class='hr-inner'><span class=\"hr-inner-style\"><\/span><\/span><\/div>\n<h5><strong><span style=\"color: #800000;\">Jury :<\/span><\/strong><\/h5>\n<ul>\n<li>Dr. Christian Bergaud Directeur de Recherches, LAAS-CNRS, Toulouse \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 (Rapporteur)<br \/>\nPr. Pierre Ouagne Professor, Ecole Nationale d\u2019Ing\u00e9nieurs de Tarbes \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 (Rapporteur)<br \/>\nPr. Karine Charlet Professeur, Universit\u00e9 Clermont Auvergne \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0\u00a0 (Examinateur)<br \/>\nDr. Vincent Placet Ing\u00e9nieur de Recherches, Universit\u00e9 de Franche-Comt\u00e9 \u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0\u00a0 (Examinateur)<br \/>\nDr. Ingrid Proriol-Serre Directeur de Recherches, Universit\u00e9 de Lille \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0 (Examinateur)<br \/>\nPr. Simon Hawkins Professeur, Universit\u00e9 de Lille \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 (Examinateur)<br \/>\nDr. S\u00e9bastien Grec Ma\u00eetre de Conf\u00e9rences, Universit\u00e9 de Lille \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0\u00a0 (Encadrant)<br \/>\nDr. Lionel Buchaillot Directeur de Recherches, Universit\u00e9 de Lille \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0 (Invit\u00e9)<br \/>\nDr. Steve Arscott Directeur de Recherches, Universit\u00e9 de Lille \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0\u00a0 (Directeur de th\u00e8se)<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h5>Summary:<\/h5>\n<p>L\u2019agriculture 4.0, \u00e9galement connue sous plusieurs noms tels que \u00ab\u00a0agriculture num\u00e9rique\u00a0\u00bb, \u00ab\u00a0agriculture intelligente\u00a0\u00bb et \u00ab\u00a0agriculture \u00e9lectronique\u00a0\u00bb, se d\u00e9veloppe actuellement rapidement en termes de recherche, de d\u00e9veloppement et d\u2019applications commerciales. L\u2019agriculture 4.0 implique l\u2019application de la micro\u00e9lectronique et des microtechnologies, l\u2019internet des objets, le big data, les t\u00e9l\u00e9communications, les nouveaux capteurs, le retour d\u2019information rapide, l\u2019analyse des donn\u00e9es, la connectivit\u00e9, l\u2019intelligence artificielle, etc. En principe, tous ces domaines devraient aboutir \u00e0 une modernisation de l\u2019agriculture en termes d\u2019organisation, de rendement, d\u2019efficacit\u00e9 et de qualit\u00e9 des produits. Cependant, l\u2019agriculture 4.0 est tellement vaste que si l\u2019on veut y contribuer, il faut choisir un domaine d\u2019action sp\u00e9cifique. Le domaine choisi pour ce doctorat est la production de lin. Les tiges poss\u00e8dent des fibres robustes d\u2019un diam\u00e8tre de l\u2019ordre du microm\u00e8tre qui courent sur toute la longueur de la tige et qui sont maintenues en place dans le tissu externe de la tige. Les fibres de lin ont de nombreuses applications, allant du textile \u00e0 la technologie. Pour faciliter l\u2019extraction m\u00e9canique des fibres de lin, le rouissage est utilis\u00e9 pour d\u00e9composer le tissu entre les fibres. On sait depuis longtemps qu\u2019il existe un point de rouissage optimal. Un rouissage insuffisant entra\u00eene une extraction difficile des fibres dans l\u2019usine, tandis qu\u2019un rouissage excessif peut compromettre la qualit\u00e9 des fibres. Certains agriculteurs qualifi\u00e9s sont en mesure de d\u00e9terminer ce point par des m\u00e9thodes artisanales. Dans le contexte de l\u2019agriculture intelligente, l\u2019objectif du doctorat \u00e9tait de rechercher et de d\u00e9velopper un outil optimal de pr\u00e9diction du rouissage. Le travail de ce doctorat tente une caract\u00e9risation m\u00e9canique multi-\u00e9chelle compl\u00e8te des tiges et des fibres de lin pendant un cycle de rouissage complet (\u00e9t\u00e9 2022) et r\u00e9alis\u00e9e en temps r\u00e9el. La caract\u00e9risation m\u00e9canique comprend des essais m\u00e9caniques macroscopiques (flexion, compression et torsion de la tige), ainsi que des essais m\u00e9caniques microscopiques in\u00e9dits sur des fibres de lin individuelles \u00e0 l\u2019aide de nouvelles m\u00e9thodes inspir\u00e9es des syst\u00e8mes micro\u00e9lectrom\u00e9caniques (MEMS). En outre, les propri\u00e9t\u00e9s m\u00e9caniques nanoscopiques de la paroi cellulaire primaire des fibres de lin en cours de rouissage ont \u00e9t\u00e9 caract\u00e9ris\u00e9es \u00e0 l\u2019aide de la microscopie \u00e0 force atomique (AFM) par nanoindentation. Le r\u00e9sultat de ces \u00e9tudes est une mine de donn\u00e9es originales qui ont permis le d\u00e9veloppement d\u2019un outil m\u00e9canique qui fait actuellement l\u2019objet d\u2019un examen en vue de l\u2019obtention d\u2019un brevet.<\/p>\n<h5>Abstract:<\/h5>\n<p>Agriculture 4.0, also known under several names such as \u2018digital agriculture\u2019, \u2018smart farming\u2019, and \u2018e-farming\u2019 is currently developing rapidly in terms of research, development, and commercial applications. Agriculture 4.0 involves the application of microelectronics and microtechnologies, bringing the internet-of-things, big data, telecommunications, novel sensing, rapid feedback, data analysis, connectivity, artificial intelligence etc. In principle, all these areas should result in a modernization of farming in terms of organisation, yield, efficiency, and quality of produce. However, agriculture 4.0 is so vast that if one is to contribute to it, one must choose a specific area to act. The area chosen for this PhD was flax production. Flax stems have evolved to have robust micrometre-diameter fibres running the length of the outside of the stem and held in place in the external tissue of the stem. Flax fibres have many applications ranging from textiles to technology. To facilitate the mechanical extraction of flax fibres, \u2018field retting\u2019 is employed to breakdown the tissue between the fibres. It has long been known that there is an optimum retting point. Too little retting results in difficult fibre extraction in the factory, too much retting can result in a compromise in fibre quality. Certain skilled farmers are able to judge this point by artisanal methods. In the context of smart farming, the objective of the PhD was to research and develop an optimum retting prediction tool. The work of this PhD attempts a full multiscale mechanical characterization of flax stems and fibres during a whole retting cycle (summer 2022) and performed in real time. The mechanical characterization involved macroscopic mechanical testing (stem bending, compression, and torsion), as well as novel microscopic mechanical testing of single flax fibres using novel methods inspired by microelectromechanical systems (MEMS) methods. In addition, the nanoscopic mechanical properties of the primary cell wall of retting flax fibres was characterised using nanoindentation atomic force microscopy (AFM). The outcome of these studies is a wealth or original data which enabled the development of a mechanical-based tool which is currently under review for patenting.<\/p>\n<\/div><\/section>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"","protected":false},"author":20,"featured_media":60980,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[87,65,84,187],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-61106","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-agenda-en","category-agenda","category-agenda-en-en","category-annonces-these"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.iemn.fr\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/61106","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.iemn.fr\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.iemn.fr\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.iemn.fr\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/20"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.iemn.fr\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=61106"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.iemn.fr\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/61106\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.iemn.fr\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/60980"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.iemn.fr\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=61106"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.iemn.fr\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=61106"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.iemn.fr\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=61106"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}