{"id":57773,"date":"2023-06-06T10:33:47","date_gmt":"2023-06-06T08:33:47","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.iemn.fr\/?p=57773"},"modified":"2024-06-21T17:13:17","modified_gmt":"2024-06-21T15:13:17","slug":"these-andrea-durlo-histoire-des-nanotechnologies-entre-la-relation-physique-mathematiques","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.iemn.fr\/en\/actualites\/these-andrea-durlo-histoire-des-nanotechnologies-entre-la-relation-physique-mathematiques.html","title":{"rendered":"THESIS Andrea DURLO: \"1950-2022: History of nanotechnologies in the physics-mathematics relationship\"."},"content":{"rendered":"<div id='layer_slider_1'  class='avia-layerslider main_color avia-shadow  avia-builder-el-0  el_before_av_heading  avia-builder-el-first  container_wrap sidebar_right'  style='height: 261px;'  ><div id=\"layerslider_58_1pjygxzagc12k\" data-ls-slug=\"homepageslider\" class=\"ls-wp-container fitvidsignore ls-selectable\" style=\"width:1140px;height:260px;margin:0 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style=\"font-size:14px;text-align:left;font-style:normal;text-decoration:none;text-transform:none;font-weight:700;letter-spacing:0px;border-style:solid;border-color:#000;background-position:0% 0%;background-repeat:no-repeat;width:180px;height:30px;left:0px;top:231px;line-height:32px;color:#ffffff;border-radius:6px 6px 6px 6px;padding-left:50px;background-color:rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.57);\" class=\"ls-l ls-ib-icon ls-text-layer\" data-ls=\"minfontsize:0;minmobilefontsize:0;\"><i class=\"fa fa-quote-right\" style=\"color:#ffffff;margin-right:0.8em;font-size:1em;transform:translateY( -0.125em );\"><\/i>ACTUALITES<\/ls-layer><\/div><\/div><\/div><div id='after_layer_slider_1'  class='main_color av_default_container_wrap container_wrap sidebar_right'  ><div class='container av-section-cont-open' ><div class='template-page content  av-content-small alpha units'><div class='post-entry post-entry-type-page post-entry-57773'><div class='entry-content-wrapper clearfix'>\n\n<style type=\"text\/css\" data-created_by=\"avia_inline_auto\" id=\"style-css-av-lik16fcq-5cdd6ad1ebe2b6d81482472b09908fb7\">\n#top .av-special-heading.av-lik16fcq-5cdd6ad1ebe2b6d81482472b09908fb7{\nmargin:0 0 10px 0;\npadding-bottom:4px;\n}\nbody .av-special-heading.av-lik16fcq-5cdd6ad1ebe2b6d81482472b09908fb7 .av-special-heading-tag .heading-char{\nfont-size:25px;\n}\n.av-special-heading.av-lik16fcq-5cdd6ad1ebe2b6d81482472b09908fb7 .av-subheading{\nfont-size:15px;\n}\n<\/style>\n<div  class='av-special-heading av-lik16fcq-5cdd6ad1ebe2b6d81482472b09908fb7 av-special-heading-h2  avia-builder-el-1  el_after_av_layerslider  el_before_av_hr  avia-builder-el-first'><h2 class='av-special-heading-tag'  itemprop=\"headline\"  >THESIS Andrea DURLO: \"1950-2022: History of nanotechnologies in the physics-mathematics relationship\".<\/h2><div class=\"special-heading-border\"><div class=\"special-heading-inner-border\"><\/div><\/div><\/div>\n\n<style type=\"text\/css\" data-created_by=\"avia_inline_auto\" id=\"style-css-av-18u73nj-dad6a947580930e400fc42ba200e80f1\">\n#top .hr.av-18u73nj-dad6a947580930e400fc42ba200e80f1{\nmargin-top:5px;\nmargin-bottom:5px;\n}\n.hr.av-18u73nj-dad6a947580930e400fc42ba200e80f1 .hr-inner{\nwidth:100%;\n}\n<\/style>\n<div  class='hr av-18u73nj-dad6a947580930e400fc42ba200e80f1 hr-custom  avia-builder-el-2  el_after_av_heading  el_before_av_textblock  hr-left hr-icon-no'><span class='hr-inner inner-border-av-border-thin'><span class=\"hr-inner-style\"><\/span><\/span><\/div>\n<section  class='av_textblock_section av-jriy64i8-2f4600354c0449b610997916bbd9b6bc'   itemscope=\"itemscope\" itemtype=\"https:\/\/schema.org\/BlogPosting\" itemprop=\"blogPost\" ><div class='avia_textblock'  itemprop=\"text\" >\n<style type=\"text\/css\" data-created_by=\"avia_inline_auto\" id=\"style-css-av-13ewzjw-68e036126b913e5028f77311dc66b825\">\n.av_font_icon.av-13ewzjw-68e036126b913e5028f77311dc66b825{\ncolor:#bfbfbf;\nborder-color:#bfbfbf;\n}\n.av_font_icon.av-13ewzjw-68e036126b913e5028f77311dc66b825 .av-icon-char{\nfont-size:60px;\nline-height:60px;\n}\n<\/style>\n<span  class='av_font_icon av-13ewzjw-68e036126b913e5028f77311dc66b825 avia_animate_when_visible av-icon-style- avia-icon-pos-left avia-icon-animate'><span class='av-icon-char' aria-hidden='true' data-av_icon='\ue8c9' data-av_iconfont='entypo-fontello' ><\/span><\/span>\n<p><strong><b>Andrea DURLO<\/b><\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Soutenance : 16 Juin 2023<strong><br \/>\n<\/strong>IEMN Amphitheatre - Central Laboratory - Villeneuve d'Ascq<\/p>\n<\/div><\/section>\n<section  class='av_textblock_section av-jtefqx33-628129dba2299b2ecd65ebfc92eac29d'   itemscope=\"itemscope\" itemtype=\"https:\/\/schema.org\/BlogPosting\" itemprop=\"blogPost\" ><div class='avia_textblock'  itemprop=\"text\" ><div  class='hr av-kjh3zw-4dff888f744b728a1aca9b3a0971493a hr-default  avia-builder-el-6  avia-builder-el-no-sibling'><span class='hr-inner'><span class=\"hr-inner-style\"><\/span><\/span><\/div>\n<h5><strong><span style=\"color: #800000;\">Jury :<\/span><\/strong><\/h5>\n<h5><\/h5>\n<h5>Summary:<\/h5>\n<p>Ma th\u00e8se de doctorat porte sur l\u2019histoire des nanosciences et des nanotechnologies \u2013 NNT \u2013 (1950-2022). Cette p\u00e9riode \u00e9tant bien document\u00e9e, j\u2019ai bas\u00e9 ma recherche (3 ans) sur les articles originaux et les livres les plus repr\u00e9sentatifs, selon la m\u00e9thode historique scientifique\/historiographique, dans le but de mettre en \u00e9vidence les \u00e9tapes et les fondamentaux qui ont conduit aux nanotechnologies telles que nous les connaissons aujourd\u2019hui. La th\u00e8se (850+ pp.) est donc un ouvrage de grande envergure divis\u00e9 en cinq parties et huit chapitres. Elle comprend \u00e9galement une pr\u00e9cise introduction, un appendice, quatre chapitres historiques en guise de corps principal, une bibliographie et l\u2019index des noms et des sujets. Les r\u00e9sultats obtenus sont les suivants: 1) finalement une analyse et chronologie pr\u00e9cise des r\u00e9sultats les plus importants dans le domaine des NNT; 2) l\u2019analyse historique des articles\/litt\u00e9rature russe qui n\u2019ont pas \u00e9t\u00e9 examin\u00e9s habituellement; 3) la cr\u00e9ation d\u2019une base pour des recherches plus approfondies sur le sujet; 4) la pr\u00e9sentation de certaines parties de mes recherches lors d\u2019\u00e9v\u00e9nements nationaux et internationaux; 5) mat\u00e9riel pour des publications. L\u2019introduction analyse les concepts et les d\u00e9finitions fondamentaux des nanotechnologies dans le contexte de la relation physique-math\u00e9matique, l\u2019\u00e9tat de l\u2019art des NNT avec une description du r\u00f4le fondamental de l\u2019IEMN et une analyse de la recherche mondiale. Le premier chapitre traite des techniques utilis\u00e9es pour cr\u00e9er des nanostructures\/nanomat\u00e9riaux, des figures de chercheurs dans l\u2019histoire des nanosciences et des principaux domaines de recherche dans lesquels se r\u00e9partissent les nanotechnologies. Le deuxi\u00e8me est consacr\u00e9 aux techniques de microscopie \u00e9lectronique qui ont rendu possible l\u2019\u00e9tude et la manipulation de la mati\u00e8re, en mettant l\u2019accent sur la technologie et les principes physiques qui les caract\u00e9risent. Il est \u00e9galement question des progr\u00e8s r\u00e9alis\u00e9s par les math\u00e9matiques pour d\u00e9crire les nanostructures sous la forme de mod\u00e8les utilis\u00e9s. Le troisi\u00e8me ouvre la partie sp\u00e9cifiquement historique de la th\u00e8se dans le cadre de la relation Physique-Math\u00e9matiques, en analysant les deux d\u00e9cennies entre 1950 et 1970. Je souligne ici la premi\u00e8re observation en laboratoire de structures creuses allong\u00e9es \u2013 ou nanotubes de carbone \u2013 et la perception croissante de la n\u00e9cessit\u00e9 de concevoir des composants \u00e9lectroniques plus petits et efficaces. Le quatri\u00e8me chapitre couvre les d\u00e9cennies entre 1970 et 1990, p\u00e9riode o\u00f9 le terme de nanotechnologie est n\u00e9 et o\u00f9 les microscopes \u00e0 effet tunnel et \u00e0 force atomique ont vu le jour. Au cours de cette p\u00e9riode, des prix Nobel ont \u00e9t\u00e9 d\u00e9cern\u00e9s. Le cinqui\u00e8me s\u2019\u00e9tend de 1990 \u00e0 2022 et d\u00e9crit les derni\u00e8res avanc\u00e9es des NNT. C\u2019est au cours de ces ann\u00e9es que le graph\u00e8ne et les nanotubes de carbone ont \u00e9t\u00e9 d\u00e9couverts et que les NNT se sont d\u00e9velopp\u00e9s sur plusieurs fronts. Le sixi\u00e8me est consacr\u00e9 \u00e0 l\u2019IEMN et \u00e0 ses trente premi\u00e8res ann\u00e9es d\u2019histoire. Dans ce chapitre, j\u2019ai pr\u00e9sent\u00e9 les articles les plus importants publi\u00e9s par l\u2019institut, en les comparant aux moments les plus significatifs de l\u2019histoire des NNT, afin de d\u00e9montrer la qualit\u00e9 de la recherche effectu\u00e9e et la fr\u00e9quence \u00e0 laquelle les r\u00e9sultats se sont av\u00e9r\u00e9s \u00eatre de v\u00e9ritables innovations dans le paysage scientifique. Le septi\u00e8me chapitre traite de l\u2019impact des NNT sur l\u2019environnement et des r\u00e9glementations mises en place pour contenir les effets in\u00e9vitables d\u2019une nouvelle science sur l\u2019homme et l\u2019environnement. Le dernier chapitre est consacr\u00e9 \u00e0 la synth\u00e8se des conclusions et des perspectives indiqu\u00e9es par ce travail de th\u00e8se. Un chapitre bibliographique exhaustif de r\u00e9f\u00e9rences \u00e9tudi\u00e9es est \u00e9galement inclus. Cette th\u00e8se peut \u00eatre consid\u00e9r\u00e9e comme un ouvrage de r\u00e9f\u00e9rence particuli\u00e8rement int\u00e9ressant pour les physiciens, les historiens des sciences, les math\u00e9maticiens et les chercheurs en sciences et en technologies appliqu\u00e9es.<\/p>\n<h5>Abstract:<\/h5>\n<p>My doctoral thesis focuses on the history of nanoscience and nanotechnology \u2013 NNT \u2013 (1950-2022). As this period is well documented, I based my research (3 years) on the most representative original articles and books, using the scientific\/historiographical historical method, with the aim of highlighting the stages and fundamentals that led to nanotechnologies as we know them today. The thesis (850+ pp.) is therefore a large-scale work divided into five parts and eight chapters. It also includes a precise introduction, an appendix, four historical chapters as the main body, a bibliography and an index of names and subjects. The results achieved are: 1) finally a precise analysis and chronology of the most important results in the field of NNT; 2) historical analysis of articles\/Russian literature that have not been usually examined; 3) creation of a basis for further research on the subject; 4) presentation of parts of my research at national and international events; 5) material for publications. The introduction analyzes the fundamental concepts and definitions of nanotechnologies in the context of the physical-mathematical relationship, the state of the art of NNTs with a description of the fundamental role of IEMN and an analysis of worldwide research. The first chapter deals with the techniques used to create nanostructures\/nanomaterials, the figures of researchers in the history of nanoscience and the main research fields into which nanotechnologies are divided. The second is devoted to the electron microscopy techniques that have made it possible to study and manipulate matter, focusing on the technology and physical principles that characterize them. It also looks at the progress made in mathematics to describe nanostructures in the form of the models used. The third section opens the specifically historical part of the thesis in the context of the Physics-Mathematics relationship, analyzing the two decades between 1950 and 1970. Here I highlight the first laboratory observation of elongated hollow structures \u2013 or carbon nanotubes \u2013 and the growing perception of the need to design smaller, more efficient electronic components. The fourth chapter covers the decades between 1970 and 1990, when the term nanotechnology was born and tunneling and atomic force microscopes came into being. Nobel Prizes were awarded during this period. The fifth covers the period from 1990 to 2022, and describes the latest advances in NNT. During these years, graphene and carbon nanotubes were discovered, and NNTs developed on several fronts. The sixth chapter is devoted to the IEMN and its first thirty years of history. In this chapter, I present the most important papers published by the institute, comparing them with the most significant moments in the history of NNTs, in order to demonstrate the quality of the research carried out and the frequency with which the results proved to be genuine innovations in the scientific landscape. The seventh chapter deals with the impact of NNT on the environment, and the regulations put in place to contain the inevitable effects of a new science on man and the environment. The final chapter is devoted to a summary of the conclusions and prospects indicated by this thesis work. An exhaustive bibliographical chapter of references studied is also included. This thesis can be considered a reference work of particular interest to physicists, historians of science, mathematicians and researchers in applied science and technology.<\/p>\n<\/div><\/section>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"","protected":false},"author":20,"featured_media":65998,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[8],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-57773","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-actualites"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.iemn.fr\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/57773","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.iemn.fr\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.iemn.fr\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.iemn.fr\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/20"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.iemn.fr\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=57773"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.iemn.fr\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/57773\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.iemn.fr\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/65998"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.iemn.fr\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=57773"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.iemn.fr\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=57773"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.iemn.fr\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=57773"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}