{"id":54314,"date":"2022-08-30T14:33:06","date_gmt":"2022-08-30T12:33:06","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.iemn.fr\/articles-temporaires-anglais\/et-si-les-nouveau-nes-et-les-nourrissons-pouvaient-nous-aider-a-faire-progresser-la-nanomedecine-du-diabete-2.html"},"modified":"2022-09-02T07:46:59","modified_gmt":"2022-09-02T05:46:59","slug":"et-si-les-nouveau-nes-et-les-nourrissons-pouvaient-nous-aider-a-faire-progresser-la-nanomedecine-du-diabete-2","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.iemn.fr\/en\/newsletter\/et-si-les-nouveau-nes-et-les-nourrissons-pouvaient-nous-aider-a-faire-progresser-la-nanomedecine-du-diabete-2.html","title":{"rendered":"What if newborns and infants could help us advance diabetes nanomedicine?"},"content":{"rendered":"<style type=\"text\/css\" data-created_by=\"avia_inline_auto\" id=\"style-css-av-nk0usz-36f2683419e610837eba21ec6c6f96f3\">\n.flex_column.av-nk0usz-36f2683419e610837eba21ec6c6f96f3{\nborder-radius:0px 0px 0px 0px;\npadding:0px 0px 0px 0px;\n}\n<\/style>\n<div  class='flex_column av-nk0usz-36f2683419e610837eba21ec6c6f96f3 av_one_full  avia-builder-el-0  el_before_av_one_half  avia-builder-el-first  first flex_column_div av-zero-column-padding'     ><section  class='av_textblock_section av-l7g56yna-261f242fe78f0d610c6d75bcb46747b0'   itemscope=\"itemscope\" itemtype=\"https:\/\/schema.org\/BlogPosting\" itemprop=\"blogPost\" ><div class='avia_textblock'  itemprop=\"text\" ><h4 style=\"text-align: center;\">What if newborns and infants could help us to make the progress in diabetes nanomedicine?<\/h4>\n<hr \/>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/www.iemn.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/08\/montage_bebe2.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter wp-image-54308 size-full\" src=\"https:\/\/www.iemn.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/08\/montage_bebe2.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"600\" height=\"200\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.iemn.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/08\/montage_bebe2.jpg 600w, https:\/\/www.iemn.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/08\/montage_bebe2-300x100.jpg 300w, https:\/\/www.iemn.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/08\/montage_bebe2-18x6.jpg 18w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 600px) 100vw, 600px\" \/><\/a><\/p>\n<h4 style=\"text-align: center;\"><span style=\"color: #4da4a8;\"><em>\"Gather in your youth, you will find in your old age\".<\/em> <\/span><\/h4>\n<p><strong>In this popular Berber saying, several take-home messages can be heard. One of them is the importance of the health capital of youth for the \"well-aging\". In reality, this health capital is amassed during the newborn and the infant periods. We do not develop diabetes thanks to the amazing capacity of the insulin-secreting cells, called pancreatic beta-cells, to adapt their mass and the quantity of insulin to some changes in eating habits or during a pregnancy, for example. In fact, this tremendous plasticity of beta-cells results from a kind a partition or epigenetic code, which is established during the breastfeeding periods of newborns and infants. The same epigenetic code is found in the highly adaptive of \"super beta-cells\" of overweight or obese individuals who do not develop diabetes.<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/div><\/section><\/div>\n\n<style type=\"text\/css\" data-created_by=\"avia_inline_auto\" id=\"style-css-av-1a41ys3-1b14031d69cb9a8b788a90f2f518e3d6\">\n.flex_column.av-1a41ys3-1b14031d69cb9a8b788a90f2f518e3d6{\nborder-radius:0px 0px 0px 0px;\npadding:0px 0px 0px 0px;\n}\n<\/style>\n<div  class='flex_column av-1a41ys3-1b14031d69cb9a8b788a90f2f518e3d6 av_one_half  avia-builder-el-2  el_after_av_one_full  el_before_av_one_half  first flex_column_div av-zero-column-padding  column-top-margin'     ><section  class='av_textblock_section av-l7g69cp2-9a1197fa76aa80d2d7577669c0781b8a'   itemscope=\"itemscope\" itemtype=\"https:\/\/schema.org\/BlogPosting\" itemprop=\"blogPost\" ><div class='avia_textblock'  itemprop=\"text\" ><h5>\n<style type=\"text\/css\" data-created_by=\"avia_inline_auto\" id=\"style-css-av-qawvnx-415dcbfc005ab2de3d58f9fb408a4089\">\n.av_font_icon.av-qawvnx-415dcbfc005ab2de3d58f9fb408a4089{\ncolor:#4da4a8;\nborder-color:#4da4a8;\n}\n.av_font_icon.av-qawvnx-415dcbfc005ab2de3d58f9fb408a4089 .av-icon-char{\nfont-size:30px;\nline-height:30px;\n}\n<\/style>\n<span  class='av_font_icon av-qawvnx-415dcbfc005ab2de3d58f9fb408a4089 avia_animate_when_visible av-icon-style- avia-icon-pos-left avia-icon-animate'><span class='av-icon-char' aria-hidden='true' data-av_icon='\ue857' data-av_iconfont='entypo-fontello' ><\/span><\/span><\/h5>\n<p><span style=\"color: #016878;\">In our body, all cells have the same DNA. If we compare a cell to a computer, the DNA would be the \"hardware\". Therefore, all cells also have the same genes. However, the genes are not expressed and not regulated at the same level in cells. In fact, the gene differential expression makes the identity of a cell and, consequently, determines the type and specificity of organs.<\/span>\u00a0The cell character is determined by its genetics and by its epigenetics. Epigenetics refers to the hundreds or even thousands of biochemical modifications that target cell's DNA and the proteins that surround it in response to its environment. These epigenetic modifications constitute a kind of software that programs and adapts the cell function to its environment. In other words, epigenetic makes the cells living and expert to its environment...<\/p>\n<h5>\n<style type=\"text\/css\" data-created_by=\"avia_inline_auto\" id=\"style-css-av-qawvnx-415dcbfc005ab2de3d58f9fb408a4089\">\n.av_font_icon.av-qawvnx-415dcbfc005ab2de3d58f9fb408a4089{\ncolor:#4da4a8;\nborder-color:#4da4a8;\n}\n.av_font_icon.av-qawvnx-415dcbfc005ab2de3d58f9fb408a4089 .av-icon-char{\nfont-size:30px;\nline-height:30px;\n}\n<\/style>\n<span  class='av_font_icon av-qawvnx-415dcbfc005ab2de3d58f9fb408a4089 avia_animate_when_visible av-icon-style- avia-icon-pos-left avia-icon-animate'><span class='av-icon-char' aria-hidden='true' data-av_icon='\ue857' data-av_iconfont='entypo-fontello' ><\/span><\/span><\/h5>\n<p><span style=\"color: #016878;\">Beta cells have the exclusivity to produce insulin, which is the only hormone that reduces blood sugar in the body. They secrete a significant amount of this hormone into the bloodstream when blood sugar levels rise. Architecturally, beta cells are also very plastic. They are able to increase in their volume and number when body mass increases and when our we have bad dietary habits such eating too much for long fats and carbohydrates.<\/span> This plasticity and the ability of cells to secrete insulin in response to glucose are established by a software set up between the period of exclusive breastfeeding of the newborn and the period of weaning, characterised by the appearance of a diet rich in sugar. Once the diet is acquired, this software becomes silent in adulthood. However, a body of evidence supports the hypothesis that this software is reactivated in adult beta cells, during weight gain, pregnancy or excessive feeding, in order to increase cell mass and insulin production...<\/p>\n<div  class='avia-button-wrap av-rpqvoq-9ee1afe9be48970673cc7f7eb1463fed-wrap avia-button-left  avia-builder-el-6  el_after_av_font_icon  avia-builder-el-last'><a href='mailto:amar.abderrahmani@univ-lille.fr'  class='avia-button av-rpqvoq-9ee1afe9be48970673cc7f7eb1463fed av-link-btn avia-icon_select-yes-left-icon avia-size-small avia-position-left avia-color-silver'   aria-label=\"amar.abderrahmani@univ-lille.fr\"><span class='avia_button_icon avia_button_icon_left' aria-hidden='true' data-av_icon='\ue805' data-av_iconfont='entypo-fontello'><\/span><span class='avia_iconbox_title' >amar.abderrahmani@univ-lille.fr<\/span><\/a><\/div>\n<\/div><\/section><\/div>\n\n<style type=\"text\/css\" data-created_by=\"avia_inline_auto\" id=\"style-css-av-v87uc3-ffbae556f5d5412c5bc5da570605183c\">\n.flex_column.av-v87uc3-ffbae556f5d5412c5bc5da570605183c{\nborder-radius:0px 0px 0px 0px;\npadding:0px 0px 0px 0px;\n}\n<\/style>\n<div  class='flex_column av-v87uc3-ffbae556f5d5412c5bc5da570605183c av_one_half  avia-builder-el-7  el_after_av_one_half  avia-builder-el-last  flex_column_div av-zero-column-padding  column-top-margin'     ><section  class='av_textblock_section av-l7g69cp2-9a1197fa76aa80d2d7577669c0781b8a'   itemscope=\"itemscope\" itemtype=\"https:\/\/schema.org\/BlogPosting\" itemprop=\"blogPost\" ><div class='avia_textblock'  itemprop=\"text\" ><h5>\n<style type=\"text\/css\" data-created_by=\"avia_inline_auto\" id=\"style-css-av-qawvnx-415dcbfc005ab2de3d58f9fb408a4089\">\n.av_font_icon.av-qawvnx-415dcbfc005ab2de3d58f9fb408a4089{\ncolor:#4da4a8;\nborder-color:#4da4a8;\n}\n.av_font_icon.av-qawvnx-415dcbfc005ab2de3d58f9fb408a4089 .av-icon-char{\nfont-size:30px;\nline-height:30px;\n}\n<\/style>\n<span  class='av_font_icon av-qawvnx-415dcbfc005ab2de3d58f9fb408a4089 avia_animate_when_visible av-icon-style- avia-icon-pos-left avia-icon-animate'><span class='av-icon-char' aria-hidden='true' data-av_icon='\ue857' data-av_iconfont='entypo-fontello' ><\/span><\/span><\/h5>\n<div><strong><span lang=\"EN-US\">In patients with diabetes<\/span><span lang=\"EN-US\">Some of the epigenetic modifications of this software are altered, suggesting that the software alteration is responsible for the inability of beta cells to adapt their mass and insulin production to chronic hyperglycemia. Newborns from parents with diabetes have a higher risk of developing diabetes, suggesting that the software failure is transmitted to offspring. We cannot forget that diabetes is one of the deadliest diseases, which kills several million people in the world every year, and that it reduces on average 6 years of life expectancy to the patient.<\/span><\/strong><\/div>\n<div><strong> \u00a0<\/strong><\/div>\n<h5>\n<style type=\"text\/css\" data-created_by=\"avia_inline_auto\" id=\"style-css-av-qawvnx-415dcbfc005ab2de3d58f9fb408a4089\">\n.av_font_icon.av-qawvnx-415dcbfc005ab2de3d58f9fb408a4089{\ncolor:#4da4a8;\nborder-color:#4da4a8;\n}\n.av_font_icon.av-qawvnx-415dcbfc005ab2de3d58f9fb408a4089 .av-icon-char{\nfont-size:30px;\nline-height:30px;\n}\n<\/style>\n<span  class='av_font_icon av-qawvnx-415dcbfc005ab2de3d58f9fb408a4089 avia_animate_when_visible av-icon-style- avia-icon-pos-left avia-icon-animate'><span class='av-icon-char' aria-hidden='true' data-av_icon='\ue857' data-av_iconfont='entypo-fontello' ><\/span><\/span><\/h5>\n<div><strong><span lang=\"EN-US\">Some defective sequences of the software have been identified, but much remains to be discovered. Their identification will enable to find new drug targets, whose delivery and transport in the blood can be optimized thanks to nanotechnologies, one of the research axes undertaken by<\/span> <a href=\"https:\/\/www.iemn.fr\/en\/la-recherche\/les-groupes\/groupe-nbi\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">the NBI team...<\/a><\/strong><\/div>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/www.iemn.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/08\/equipe3.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter wp-image-54303 size-medium\" src=\"https:\/\/www.iemn.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/08\/equipe3-300x296.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"300\" height=\"296\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.iemn.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/08\/equipe3-300x296.jpg 300w, https:\/\/www.iemn.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/08\/equipe3-80x80.jpg 80w, https:\/\/www.iemn.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/08\/equipe3-12x12.jpg 12w, https:\/\/www.iemn.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/08\/equipe3-36x36.jpg 36w, https:\/\/www.iemn.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/08\/equipe3.jpg 400w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 300px) 100vw, 300px\" \/><\/a><\/p>\n<p>\n<style type=\"text\/css\" data-created_by=\"avia_inline_auto\" id=\"style-css-av-qawvnx-8c93e5b0b32cca0a515c5d07bb7925b8\">\n.av_font_icon.av-qawvnx-8c93e5b0b32cca0a515c5d07bb7925b8{\ncolor:#4da4a8;\nborder-color:#4da4a8;\n}\n.av_font_icon.av-qawvnx-8c93e5b0b32cca0a515c5d07bb7925b8 .av-icon-char{\nfont-size:22px;\nline-height:22px;\n}\n<\/style>\n<span  class='av_font_icon av-qawvnx-8c93e5b0b32cca0a515c5d07bb7925b8 avia_animate_when_visible av-icon-style- avia-icon-pos-left avia-icon-animate'><span class='av-icon-char' aria-hidden='true' data-av_icon='\ue826' data-av_iconfont='entypo-fontello' ><\/span><\/span><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/www.cell.com\/trends\/endocrinology-metabolism\/fulltext\/S1043-2760(22)00054-6\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">2022-jun | Trends in endocrinology and metabolism: TEM 33 (6) , pp.378-389<\/a><\/strong><\/p>\n<\/div><\/section><\/div>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[297],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-54314","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-newsletter"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.iemn.fr\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/54314","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.iemn.fr\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.iemn.fr\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.iemn.fr\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.iemn.fr\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=54314"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.iemn.fr\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/54314\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.iemn.fr\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=54314"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.iemn.fr\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=54314"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.iemn.fr\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=54314"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}