{"id":48629,"date":"2021-12-03T10:39:32","date_gmt":"2021-12-03T08:39:32","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.iemn.fr\/articles-temporaires-anglais\/transistors-electrochimiques-organiques-dendritiques-cultives-par-electropoly-merisation-pour-lingenierie-neuromorphique-3d-advanced-science-2.html"},"modified":"2022-01-06T11:00:14","modified_gmt":"2022-01-06T09:00:14","slug":"transistors-electrochimiques-organiques-dendritiques-cultives-par-electropoly-merisation-pour-lingenierie-neuromorphique-3d-advanced-science-2","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.iemn.fr\/en\/newsletter\/transistors-electrochimiques-organiques-dendritiques-cultives-par-electropoly-merisation-pour-lingenierie-neuromorphique-3d-advanced-science-2.html","title":{"rendered":"Dendritic organic electrochemical transistors grown by electropolymerization for 3D neuromorphic engineering"},"content":{"rendered":"<style type=\"text\/css\" data-created_by=\"avia_inline_auto\" id=\"style-css-av-ky2qo3e2-4fc08beff0df0b128a3875a04fd22204\">\n#top .av-special-heading.av-ky2qo3e2-4fc08beff0df0b128a3875a04fd22204{\npadding-bottom:10px;\n}\nbody .av-special-heading.av-ky2qo3e2-4fc08beff0df0b128a3875a04fd22204 .av-special-heading-tag .heading-char{\nfont-size:25px;\n}\n.av-special-heading.av-ky2qo3e2-4fc08beff0df0b128a3875a04fd22204 .av-subheading{\nfont-size:15px;\n}\n<\/style>\n<div  class='av-special-heading av-ky2qo3e2-4fc08beff0df0b128a3875a04fd22204 av-special-heading-h3 blockquote modern-quote modern-centered  avia-builder-el-0  el_before_av_hr  avia-builder-el-first'><h3 class='av-special-heading-tag'  itemprop=\"headline\"  >Dendritic organic electrochemical transistors grown by electropolymerization for 3D neuromorphic engineering<\/h3><div class=\"special-heading-border\"><div class=\"special-heading-inner-border\"><\/div><\/div><\/div>\n<div  class='hr av-ml4qd4-8dd1f5961acd6ee3331e1157586eb758 hr-default  avia-builder-el-1  el_after_av_heading  el_before_av_textblock'><span class='hr-inner'><span class=\"hr-inner-style\"><\/span><\/span><\/div>\n<section  class='av_textblock_section av-kwq5lb88-ecd1e28f6e1da6768bc775958d61ab34'   itemscope=\"itemscope\" itemtype=\"https:\/\/schema.org\/BlogPosting\" itemprop=\"blogPost\" ><div class='avia_textblock'  itemprop=\"text\" ><p><a href=\"https:\/\/www.iemn.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/12\/neurones.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter wp-image-48616\" src=\"https:\/\/www.iemn.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/12\/neurones.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"500\" height=\"329\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.iemn.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/12\/neurones.jpg 800w, https:\/\/www.iemn.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/12\/neurones-300x197.jpg 300w, https:\/\/www.iemn.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/12\/neurones-768x505.jpg 768w, https:\/\/www.iemn.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/12\/neurones-18x12.jpg 18w, https:\/\/www.iemn.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/12\/neurones-705x464.jpg 705w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 500px) 100vw, 500px\" \/><\/a><\/p>\n<\/div><\/section>\n\n<style type=\"text\/css\" data-created_by=\"avia_inline_auto\" id=\"style-css-av-1aff81k-0c3130a4c30654fdcfc9f2c7e72e1926\">\n.flex_column.av-1aff81k-0c3130a4c30654fdcfc9f2c7e72e1926{\nborder-radius:0px 0px 0px 0px;\npadding:0px 0px 0px 0px;\n}\n<\/style>\n<div  class='flex_column av-1aff81k-0c3130a4c30654fdcfc9f2c7e72e1926 av_one_half  avia-builder-el-3  el_after_av_textblock  el_before_av_one_half  first flex_column_div av-zero-column-padding  column-top-margin'     ><section  class='av_textblock_section av-kwq4ydvb-65d9ab602a938fdf8f874198ba7440de'   itemscope=\"itemscope\" itemtype=\"https:\/\/schema.org\/BlogPosting\" itemprop=\"blogPost\" ><div class='avia_textblock'  itemprop=\"text\" ><h4>\n<style type=\"text\/css\" data-created_by=\"avia_inline_auto\" id=\"style-css-av-13ewzjw-b58072c982babce8ed7840ecc9331fc9\">\n.av_font_icon.av-13ewzjw-b58072c982babce8ed7840ecc9331fc9{\ncolor:#800000;\nborder-color:#800000;\n}\n.av_font_icon.av-13ewzjw-b58072c982babce8ed7840ecc9331fc9 .av-icon-char{\nfont-size:20px;\nline-height:20px;\n}\n<\/style>\n<span  class='av_font_icon av-13ewzjw-b58072c982babce8ed7840ecc9331fc9 avia_animate_when_visible av-icon-style- avia-icon-pos-left avia-icon-animate'><span class='av-icon-char' aria-hidden='true' data-av_icon='\ue885' data-av_iconfont='entypo-fontello' ><\/span><\/span><\/h4>\n<p><strong>What could tomorrow's electronics look like? One very attractive possibility would be to draw inspiration from biological systems. In particular by reproducing the key characteristics of the brain, both in terms of manufacturing and functioning. The possibility of organizing billions of neurons to achieve systems capable of seeing, feeling and hearing appears fascinating and has motivated recent work by IEMN researchers, published in the journals Nature Communications and Advanced Sciences.<\/strong><\/p>\n<h4>\n<style type=\"text\/css\" data-created_by=\"avia_inline_auto\" id=\"style-css-av-13ewzjw-b58072c982babce8ed7840ecc9331fc9\">\n.av_font_icon.av-13ewzjw-b58072c982babce8ed7840ecc9331fc9{\ncolor:#800000;\nborder-color:#800000;\n}\n.av_font_icon.av-13ewzjw-b58072c982babce8ed7840ecc9331fc9 .av-icon-char{\nfont-size:20px;\nline-height:20px;\n}\n<\/style>\n<span  class='av_font_icon av-13ewzjw-b58072c982babce8ed7840ecc9331fc9 avia_animate_when_visible av-icon-style- avia-icon-pos-left avia-icon-animate'><span class='av-icon-char' aria-hidden='true' data-av_icon='\ue885' data-av_iconfont='entypo-fontello' ><\/span><\/span><\/h4>\n<p>In the framework of the ERC-IONOS project, IEMN researchers have investigated the possibility of growing organic materials by pulsed electro-polymerization to reproduce the dendritic growths that are responsible for the structuring of neural networks. This demonstration allows to reproduce a key property of biology: structural plasticity. And the story doesn't end there, because these same dendritic materials can also reproduce key signal processing elements in biology such as synaptic plasticity and dendritic integration.<\/p>\n<h4>\n<style type=\"text\/css\" data-created_by=\"avia_inline_auto\" id=\"style-css-av-13ewzjw-b58072c982babce8ed7840ecc9331fc9\">\n.av_font_icon.av-13ewzjw-b58072c982babce8ed7840ecc9331fc9{\ncolor:#800000;\nborder-color:#800000;\n}\n.av_font_icon.av-13ewzjw-b58072c982babce8ed7840ecc9331fc9 .av-icon-char{\nfont-size:20px;\nline-height:20px;\n}\n<\/style>\n<span  class='av_font_icon av-13ewzjw-b58072c982babce8ed7840ecc9331fc9 avia_animate_when_visible av-icon-style- avia-icon-pos-left avia-icon-animate'><span class='av-icon-char' aria-hidden='true' data-av_icon='\ue885' data-av_iconfont='entypo-fontello' ><\/span><\/span><\/h4>\n<p>Structural plasticity is the mechanism that allows neural networks to imprint a 3D topology specific to a single multi-sensory experience, in order to efficiently process information. In artificial neural networks, topologies remain a major area of optimization, both at the software and hardware level. Indeed, the mechanisms allowing biology to self-organize and the rules defining optimal topologies remain largely misunderstood and are addressed empirically in the artificial world. A differentiating aspect between biology and electronics is the ability of biological systems to assemble themselves in a bottom-up manner (the basic elements are defined first, the function is obtained in a second time), while electronics is largely top-down (the functions are predefined upstream, and the components organized to reproduce them). Using pulsed electro-polymerization of PEDOT:PSS, IEMN researchers have shown that it is possible to finely control the structure of conductive dendrites in water.<\/p>\n<\/div><\/section><\/div>\n\n<style type=\"text\/css\" data-created_by=\"avia_inline_auto\" id=\"style-css-av-uvam48-e06b9f80aea8bba5af52c98d42f9d038\">\n.flex_column.av-uvam48-e06b9f80aea8bba5af52c98d42f9d038{\nborder-radius:0px 0px 0px 0px;\npadding:0px 0px 0px 0px;\n}\n<\/style>\n<div  class='flex_column av-uvam48-e06b9f80aea8bba5af52c98d42f9d038 av_one_half  avia-builder-el-8  el_after_av_one_half  el_before_av_one_full  flex_column_div av-zero-column-padding  column-top-margin'     ><section  class='av_textblock_section av-kwq4ydvb-65d9ab602a938fdf8f874198ba7440de'   itemscope=\"itemscope\" itemtype=\"https:\/\/schema.org\/BlogPosting\" itemprop=\"blogPost\" ><div class='avia_textblock'  itemprop=\"text\" ><p>The morphologies obtained can be modified according to the chemical environment and the experience of accumulated electrical stresses to reach a variety of morphologies reminiscent of neuronal dendritic structures. This approach allows us to envision an electronic system in perpetual structural evolution, in perpetual mutation, where the concepts of memory and learning derive more from the physical capacity of a network to form new connections, rather than that of transporting information in a binary manner between components fixed on a substrate.<\/p>\n<h4>\n<style type=\"text\/css\" data-created_by=\"avia_inline_auto\" id=\"style-css-av-13ewzjw-b58072c982babce8ed7840ecc9331fc9\">\n.av_font_icon.av-13ewzjw-b58072c982babce8ed7840ecc9331fc9{\ncolor:#800000;\nborder-color:#800000;\n}\n.av_font_icon.av-13ewzjw-b58072c982babce8ed7840ecc9331fc9 .av-icon-char{\nfont-size:20px;\nline-height:20px;\n}\n<\/style>\n<span  class='av_font_icon av-13ewzjw-b58072c982babce8ed7840ecc9331fc9 avia_animate_when_visible av-icon-style- avia-icon-pos-left avia-icon-animate'><span class='av-icon-char' aria-hidden='true' data-av_icon='\ue885' data-av_iconfont='entypo-fontello' ><\/span><\/span><\/h4>\n<p>Dendritic topology is far from being the only ingredient used by biology to process neural signals: the transmission of information in neural networks is weighted by synapses that allow the implementation of the key function of learning. The artificial dendrites of the IEMN researchers can also be used in this perspective: when these artificial dendrites interconnect, these materials behave like real synaptic components. Indeed, PEDOT:PSS is well known for its electronic and ionic conductor properties allowing to couple the transport of its two charge carriers (more precisely the polarons of the polymer and the solvated ions of the electrolyte). This property allows the use of PEDOT:PSS as an organic electrochemical transistor (OECT). IONOS researchers have shown that the dendritic structures obtained by electro-polymerization behave like OECTs, and can therefore modulate the signals transmitted between two artificial neurons connected by an organic fiber. It is then possible to realise key functions of synaptic plasticity such as short-term plasticity (STP) and long-term plasticity (LTP).<br \/>\nThis approach proposes a new material substrate for the implementation of artificial neural networks and opens new perspectives, both in engineering and systems sciences and in information sciences.<\/p>\n<\/div><\/section><\/div>\n\n<style type=\"text\/css\" data-created_by=\"avia_inline_auto\" id=\"style-css-av-1546sjc-b84be913b070ffff6bb7aa2c52d8e8ab\">\n.flex_column.av-1546sjc-b84be913b070ffff6bb7aa2c52d8e8ab{\nborder-radius:0px 0px 0px 0px;\npadding:0px 0px 0px 0px;\n}\n<\/style>\n<div  class='flex_column av-1546sjc-b84be913b070ffff6bb7aa2c52d8e8ab av_one_full  avia-builder-el-11  el_after_av_one_half  el_before_av_one_full  first flex_column_div av-zero-column-padding  column-top-margin'     ><section  class='av_textblock_section av-kwq52ti8-8f206f6a054d384dfab1815fc91ccd26'   itemscope=\"itemscope\" itemtype=\"https:\/\/schema.org\/BlogPosting\" itemprop=\"blogPost\" ><div class='avia_textblock'  itemprop=\"text\" ><p style=\"text-align: center;\"><em>[1] Analog programing of conducting-polymer dendritic interconnections and control of their morphology<\/em><br \/>\n<em> Kamila Janzakova, Ankush Kumar, Mahdi Ghazal, Anna Susloparova, Yannick Coffinier, Fabien Alibart &amp; S\u00e9bastien Pecqueur, Nature Communications volume 12, 6898 (2021)<\/em><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.iemn.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/12\/dentritic2.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter wp-image-48606 size-full\" src=\"https:\/\/www.iemn.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/12\/dentritic2.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"800\" height=\"262\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.iemn.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/12\/dentritic2.jpg 800w, https:\/\/www.iemn.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/12\/dentritic2-300x98.jpg 300w, https:\/\/www.iemn.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/12\/dentritic2-768x252.jpg 768w, https:\/\/www.iemn.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/12\/dentritic2-18x6.jpg 18w, https:\/\/www.iemn.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/12\/dentritic2-705x231.jpg 705w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\" \/><\/a><\/p>\n<\/div><\/section><\/div>\n\n<style type=\"text\/css\" data-created_by=\"avia_inline_auto\" id=\"style-css-av-ug67co-39568140b225f7ca68e2c5faee1f5e42\">\n.flex_column.av-ug67co-39568140b225f7ca68e2c5faee1f5e42{\nborder-radius:0px 0px 0px 0px;\npadding:0px 0px 0px 0px;\n}\n<\/style>\n<div  class='flex_column av-ug67co-39568140b225f7ca68e2c5faee1f5e42 av_one_full  avia-builder-el-13  el_after_av_one_full  el_before_av_textblock  first flex_column_div av-zero-column-padding  column-top-margin'     ><section  class='av_textblock_section av-kwq52ti8-8f206f6a054d384dfab1815fc91ccd26'   itemscope=\"itemscope\" itemtype=\"https:\/\/schema.org\/BlogPosting\" itemprop=\"blogPost\" ><div class='avia_textblock'  itemprop=\"text\" ><p style=\"text-align: center;\"><em>[2] Dendritic Organic Electrochemical Transistors Grown by Electropolymerization for 3D Neuromorphic Engineering<\/em><br \/>\n<em>Kamila Janzakova, Mahdi Ghazal, Ankush Kumar, Yannick Coffinier, S\u00e9bastien Pecqueur, Fabien Alibart, <strong>Advanced Sciences<\/strong>, online 29 October 2021<\/em><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.iemn.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/12\/dentritic3.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter wp-image-48609 size-full\" src=\"https:\/\/www.iemn.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/12\/dentritic3.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"800\" height=\"492\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.iemn.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/12\/dentritic3.jpg 800w, https:\/\/www.iemn.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/12\/dentritic3-300x185.jpg 300w, https:\/\/www.iemn.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/12\/dentritic3-768x472.jpg 768w, https:\/\/www.iemn.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/12\/dentritic3-18x12.jpg 18w, https:\/\/www.iemn.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/12\/dentritic3-705x434.jpg 705w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\" \/><\/a><\/p>\n<\/div><\/section><\/div>\n<section  class='av_textblock_section av-kwq5s38x-6d891f3bd3bc1f8501552f2e9579a4d4'   itemscope=\"itemscope\" itemtype=\"https:\/\/schema.org\/BlogPosting\" itemprop=\"blogPost\" ><div class='avia_textblock'  itemprop=\"text\" ><div  class='avia-button-wrap av-rpqvoq-79776af9aff8ee5875b39129746fe356-wrap avia-button-left  avia-builder-el-16  avia-builder-el-no-sibling'><a href='mailto:fabien.alibart@univ-lille.fr'  class='avia-button av-rpqvoq-79776af9aff8ee5875b39129746fe356 av-link-btn avia-icon_select-yes-left-icon avia-size-small avia-position-left avia-color-silver'   aria-label=\"fabien.alibart@univ-lille.fr\"><span class='avia_button_icon avia_button_icon_left' aria-hidden='true' data-av_icon='\ue805' data-av_iconfont='entypo-fontello'><\/span><span class='avia_iconbox_title' >fabien.alibart@univ-lille.fr<\/span><\/a><\/div>\n<\/div><\/section>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[297],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-48629","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-newsletter"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.iemn.fr\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/48629","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.iemn.fr\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.iemn.fr\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.iemn.fr\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.iemn.fr\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=48629"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.iemn.fr\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/48629\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.iemn.fr\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=48629"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.iemn.fr\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=48629"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.iemn.fr\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=48629"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}