{"id":44582,"date":"2021-03-05T10:39:26","date_gmt":"2021-03-05T08:39:26","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.iemn.fr\/?p=44582"},"modified":"2021-04-09T15:11:12","modified_gmt":"2021-04-09T13:11:12","slug":"photo-detecteurs-moyen-infrarouge-ultra-rapides","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.iemn.fr\/en\/newsletter\/photo-detecteurs-moyen-infrarouge-ultra-rapides.html","title":{"rendered":"Photo-d\u00e9tecteurs moyen infrarouge ultra-rapides"},"content":{"rendered":"<div id='layer_slider_1'  class='avia-layerslider main_color avia-shadow  avia-builder-el-0  el_before_av_one_full  avia-builder-el-first  container_wrap sidebar_right'  style='height: 261px;'  ><div id=\"layerslider_27_6afmmnf69xdc\" data-ls-slug=\"homepageslider\" class=\"ls-wp-container fitvidsignore ls-selectable\" style=\"width:1140px;height:260px;margin:0 auto;margin-bottom: 0px;\"><div class=\"ls-slide\" data-ls=\"duration:6000;transition2d:5;\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"2600\" height=\"270\" src=\"https:\/\/www.iemn.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/06\/slider_recherche1.jpg\" class=\"ls-bg\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.iemn.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/06\/slider_recherche1.jpg 2600w, https:\/\/www.iemn.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/06\/slider_recherche1-300x31.jpg 300w, https:\/\/www.iemn.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/06\/slider_recherche1-768x80.jpg 768w, https:\/\/www.iemn.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/06\/slider_recherche1-1030x107.jpg 1030w, https:\/\/www.iemn.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/06\/slider_recherche1-1500x156.jpg 1500w, https:\/\/www.iemn.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/06\/slider_recherche1-705x73.jpg 705w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 2600px) 100vw, 2600px\" \/><ls-layer style=\"font-size:14px;text-align:left;font-style:normal;text-decoration:none;text-transform:none;font-weight:700;letter-spacing:0px;border-style:solid;border-color:#000;background-position:0% 0%;background-repeat:no-repeat;height:30px;top:231px;line-height:32px;color:#ffffff;border-radius:6px 6px 6px 6px;padding-left:50px;background-color:rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.57);width:260px;\" class=\"ls-l ls-ib-icon ls-text-layer\"><i class=\"fa fa-user-circle\" style=\"color:#ffffff;margin-right:0.8em;font-size:1em;transform:translateY( -0.125em );\"><\/i>LA RECHERCHE \u00e0 l'IEMN<\/ls-layer><\/div><div class=\"ls-slide\" data-ls=\"duration:4000;transition2d:5;\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"2600\" height=\"270\" src=\"https:\/\/www.iemn.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/06\/slider_recherche11.jpg\" class=\"ls-bg\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.iemn.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/06\/slider_recherche11.jpg 2600w, https:\/\/www.iemn.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/06\/slider_recherche11-300x31.jpg 300w, https:\/\/www.iemn.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/06\/slider_recherche11-768x80.jpg 768w, 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0%;background-repeat:no-repeat;height:30px;top:231px;line-height:32px;color:#ffffff;border-radius:6px 6px 6px 6px;padding-left:50px;background-color:rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.57);width:260px;\" class=\"ls-l ls-ib-icon ls-text-layer\"><i class=\"fa fa-user-circle\" style=\"color:#ffffff;margin-right:0.8em;font-size:1em;transform:translateY( -0.125em );\"><\/i>LA RECHERCHE \u00e0 l'IEMN<\/ls-layer><\/div><div class=\"ls-slide\" data-ls=\"duration:4000;transition2d:5;\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"2600\" height=\"270\" src=\"https:\/\/www.iemn.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/06\/Slider_CMNF4.jpg\" class=\"ls-bg\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.iemn.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/06\/Slider_CMNF4.jpg 2600w, https:\/\/www.iemn.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/06\/Slider_CMNF4-300x31.jpg 300w, https:\/\/www.iemn.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/06\/Slider_CMNF4-768x80.jpg 768w, https:\/\/www.iemn.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/06\/Slider_CMNF4-1030x107.jpg 1030w, https:\/\/www.iemn.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/06\/Slider_CMNF4-1500x156.jpg 1500w, https:\/\/www.iemn.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/06\/Slider_CMNF4-705x73.jpg 705w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 2600px) 100vw, 2600px\" \/><ls-layer style=\"font-size:14px;text-align:left;font-style:normal;text-decoration:none;text-transform:none;font-weight:700;letter-spacing:0px;border-style:solid;border-color:#000;background-position:0% 0%;background-repeat:no-repeat;height:30px;top:231px;line-height:32px;color:#ffffff;border-radius:6px 6px 6px 6px;padding-left:50px;background-color:rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.57);width:260px;\" class=\"ls-l ls-ib-icon ls-text-layer\"><i class=\"fa fa-user-circle\" style=\"color:#ffffff;margin-right:0.8em;font-size:1em;transform:translateY( -0.125em );\"><\/i>LA RECHERCHE \u00e0 l'IEMN<\/ls-layer><\/div><\/div><\/div><div id='after_layer_slider_1'  class='main_color av_default_container_wrap container_wrap sidebar_right'  ><div class='container av-section-cont-open' ><div class='template-page content  av-content-small alpha units'><div class='post-entry post-entry-type-page post-entry-44582'><div class='entry-content-wrapper clearfix'>\n\n<style type=\"text\/css\" data-created_by=\"avia_inline_auto\" id=\"style-css-av-3ep1q9y-cf4c3f5e7467bfa6d747aa31ecf39970\">\n.flex_column.av-3ep1q9y-cf4c3f5e7467bfa6d747aa31ecf39970{\nborder-radius:0px 0px 0px 0px;\npadding:0px 0px 0px 0px;\n}\n<\/style>\n<div  class='flex_column av-3ep1q9y-cf4c3f5e7467bfa6d747aa31ecf39970 av_one_full  avia-builder-el-1  el_after_av_layerslider  el_before_av_one_full  avia-builder-el-first  first flex_column_div av-zero-column-padding'     ><section  class='av_textblock_section av-klw1qm7z-88ea7c801f5acefc97c4723a2f71632d'   itemscope=\"itemscope\" itemtype=\"https:\/\/schema.org\/BlogPosting\" itemprop=\"blogPost\" ><div class='avia_textblock'  itemprop=\"text\" ><p style=\"text-align: left;\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-44583 alignleft\" src=\"https:\/\/www.iemn.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/03\/visuel1-300x266.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"300\" height=\"266\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.iemn.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/03\/visuel1-300x266.jpg 300w, https:\/\/www.iemn.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/03\/visuel1-14x12.jpg 14w, https:\/\/www.iemn.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/03\/visuel1.jpg 400w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 300px) 100vw, 300px\" \/><\/p>\n<h4>\n<style type=\"text\/css\" data-created_by=\"avia_inline_auto\" id=\"style-css-av-13ewzjw-b4537b28e7ed5bf60a139b688c253937\">\n.av_font_icon.av-13ewzjw-b4537b28e7ed5bf60a139b688c253937{\ncolor:#800000;\nborder-color:#800000;\n}\n.av_font_icon.av-13ewzjw-b4537b28e7ed5bf60a139b688c253937 .av-icon-char{\nfont-size:30px;\nline-height:30px;\n}\n<\/style>\n<span  class='av_font_icon av-13ewzjw-b4537b28e7ed5bf60a139b688c253937 avia_animate_when_visible av-icon-style- avia-icon-pos-left avia-icon-animate'><span class='av-icon-char' aria-hidden='true' data-av_icon='\ue885' data-av_iconfont='entypo-fontello' ><\/span><\/span>Photo-d\u00e9tecteurs moyen infrarouge ultra-rapides<\/h4>\n<blockquote>\n<p style=\"text-align: left;\">Grace \u00e0 un temps de vie des porteurs de l\u2019ordre de la picoseconde, les photo-d\u00e9tecteurs de radiation moyen infrarouge (MIR \u2013 \u03bb ~ 3-15\u03bcm) bas\u00e9s sur les transitions inter-sous-bandes dans les h\u00e9t\u00e9ro-structures III-V peuvent potentiellement atteindre de bandes passantes de plusieurs centaines de GHz. Cette propri\u00e9t\u00e9 est exploit\u00e9e pour d\u00e9montrer un photo-d\u00e9tecteur MIR ultra-rapide avec une bande passante \u00e0 3dB sup\u00e9rieure \u00e0 70GHz \u00e0 temp\u00e9rature ambiante, un record de performance \u00e0 ces longueurs d\u2019ondes. Ces composants sont tr\u00e8s recherch\u00e9s pour les communications en espace libre, les contremesures militaires, l\u2019astrophysique, la d\u00e9tection de gaz et la spectroscopie \u00e0 haute r\u00e9solution.<\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n<\/div><\/section><\/div>\n<style type=\"text\/css\" data-created_by=\"avia_inline_auto\" id=\"style-css-av-327nqva-11d59e2b62805f69be5830dc5c0cf599\">\n.flex_column.av-327nqva-11d59e2b62805f69be5830dc5c0cf599{\nborder-radius:0px 0px 0px 0px;\npadding:0px 0px 0px 0px;\n}\n<\/style>\n<div  class='flex_column av-327nqva-11d59e2b62805f69be5830dc5c0cf599 av_one_full  avia-builder-el-4  el_after_av_one_full  el_before_av_textblock  first flex_column_div av-zero-column-padding  column-top-margin'     ><\/div><\/p>\n<section  class='av_textblock_section av-klw2mnta-8c419e573c5e9d747a3b3209f7531f4a'   itemscope=\"itemscope\" itemtype=\"https:\/\/schema.org\/BlogPosting\" itemprop=\"blogPost\" ><div class='avia_textblock'  itemprop=\"text\" ><p><a href=\"https:\/\/www.iemn.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/03\/visuel2.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter wp-image-44586 size-full\" src=\"https:\/\/www.iemn.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/03\/visuel2.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"750\" height=\"278\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.iemn.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/03\/visuel2.jpg 750w, https:\/\/www.iemn.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/03\/visuel2-300x111.jpg 300w, https:\/\/www.iemn.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/03\/visuel2-16x6.jpg 16w, https:\/\/www.iemn.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/03\/visuel2-705x261.jpg 705w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 750px) 100vw, 750px\" \/><\/a><\/p>\n<\/div><\/section>\n\n<style type=\"text\/css\" data-created_by=\"avia_inline_auto\" id=\"style-css-av-2j60yme-e335bc437f776dd9569387d3d597a6bc\">\n.flex_column.av-2j60yme-e335bc437f776dd9569387d3d597a6bc{\nborder-radius:0px 0px 0px 0px;\npadding:0px 0px 0px 0px;\n}\n<\/style>\n<div  class='flex_column av-2j60yme-e335bc437f776dd9569387d3d597a6bc av_one_half  avia-builder-el-6  el_after_av_textblock  el_before_av_one_half  first flex_column_div av-zero-column-padding  column-top-margin'     ><section  class='av_textblock_section av-klw2oo95-29a9b111a68cfbb1c548f2ad0576132b'   itemscope=\"itemscope\" itemtype=\"https:\/\/schema.org\/BlogPosting\" itemprop=\"blogPost\" ><div class='avia_textblock'  itemprop=\"text\" ><p>Le temps de r\u00e9ponse d\u2019un photo-d\u00e9tecteur \u00e0 base de semi-conducteur est d\u00e9termin\u00e9 essentiellement par deux facteurs clef. D\u2019un c\u00f4t\u00e9, \u00e0 l\u2019int\u00e9rieur du mat\u00e9riau semi-conducteur m\u00eame, on a le temps de vie des porteurs excit\u00e9s par la radiation incidente. C\u2019est ce que l\u2019on appelle le temps de r\u00e9ponse intrins\u00e8que. D\u2019autre part il faut tenir compte du fait que le d\u00e9tecteur est reli\u00e9 \u00e0 un circuit \u00e9lectrique externe, ce qui va apporter des \u00e9l\u00e9ments parasites (capacit\u00e9, r\u00e9sistance et\/ou inductance) qui d\u00e9terminent le temps de r\u00e9ponse \u00e9lectrique du composant. L\u2019enjeu est celui de minimiser les effets parasites afin d\u2019atteindre la r\u00e9ponse intrins\u00e8que.<\/p>\n<p>Contrairement aux d\u00e9tecteurs de radiation visible ou proche infrarouge, o\u00f9 le temps de vie de \u00e9lectrons est d\u00e9termin\u00e9 par les processus de recombinaison inter-bande, dans les photo-d\u00e9tecteurs de radiation moyen infrarouge (MIR) \u00e0 multi-puits quantiques, comme celui r\u00e9alis\u00e9 dans ce travail, les \u00e9lectrons occupent des niveaux ou mini-bandes \u00e0 l\u2019int\u00e9rieur m\u00eame de la bande de conduction. Par cons\u00e9quence, les porteurs photo-excit\u00e9s se recombinent via l\u2019\u00e9mission de phonon optiques, ce qui se traduit par des temps de vie extr\u00eamement courts, de l\u2019ordre de la picoseconde.\u00a0 Des bandes passantes intrins\u00e8ques de plusieurs centaines de GHz sont donc potentiellement atteignables.<\/p>\n<p>Dans ce travail, men\u00e9 au sein de l\u2019\u00e9quipe Photonique THz de l\u2019IEMN, en collaboration avec des chercheurs du Laboratoire C2N et du Key Laboratory of Terahertz Solid State Technology de Shanghai, une h\u00e9t\u00e9ro-structure \u00e0 multi-puits quantiques GaAs\/Al0.2Ga0.8As d\u2019environ 350nm d\u2019\u00e9paisseur est exploit\u00e9e pour r\u00e9aliser un d\u00e9tecteur MIR \u00e0 l ~ 10mm. Ce dispositif a \u00e9t\u00e9 enti\u00e8rement fabriqu\u00e9 dans la Centrale de Micro et Nano-Fabrication de l\u2019IEMN. Afin de permettre un fonctionnement ultrarapide avec, simultan\u00e9ment, un \u00e9clairage \u00e0 incidence normale, le d\u00e9tecteur exploite une ligne coplanaire 50W , int\u00e9gr\u00e9e \u00e0 avec une matrice d\u2019antennes patch sub-longueur d\u2019onde, connect\u00e9es \u00e9lectriquement par des fils en or suspendus (voir la Figure ci-dessus).<\/p>\n<\/div><\/section><\/div>\n\n<style type=\"text\/css\" data-created_by=\"avia_inline_auto\" id=\"style-css-av-27wxmme-fbd42fece53971424e72dbc3685e1827\">\n.flex_column.av-27wxmme-fbd42fece53971424e72dbc3685e1827{\nborder-radius:0px 0px 0px 0px;\npadding:0px 0px 0px 0px;\n}\n<\/style>\n<div  class='flex_column av-27wxmme-fbd42fece53971424e72dbc3685e1827 av_one_half  avia-builder-el-8  el_after_av_one_half  el_before_av_one_full  flex_column_div av-zero-column-padding  column-top-margin'     ><section  class='av_textblock_section av-klw2oo95-29a9b111a68cfbb1c548f2ad0576132b'   itemscope=\"itemscope\" itemtype=\"https:\/\/schema.org\/BlogPosting\" itemprop=\"blogPost\" ><div class='avia_textblock'  itemprop=\"text\" ><p>Grace \u00e0 cette architecture on obtient une capacit\u00e9 parasite de ~ 30fF, donn\u00e9e par la capacit\u00e9 statique des antennes, ce qui permet d\u2019atteindre une fr\u00e9quence de coupure \u00e0 3dB &gt; 150 GHz \u00e0 300K, extraite avec un mod\u00e8le de circuit \u00e9quivalent petit-signal. A partir de la r\u00e9ponse en fr\u00e9quence exp\u00e9rimentale, avec ce mod\u00e8le on obtient un temps de r\u00e9ponse intrins\u00e8que de l\u2019ordre d\u2019une picoseconde.<\/p>\n<p>La mesure de la r\u00e9ponse en fr\u00e9quence du d\u00e9tecteur a \u00e9t\u00e9 effectu\u00e9e au sein de la Plateforme de Caract\u00e9risation Multiphysique de l\u2019IEMN (p\u00f4le Caract\u00e9risation Hyperfr\u00e9quence Optique et Photonique). Pour ce faire nous avons adapt\u00e9 une station cryog\u00e9nique sous pointes \u00e0 67GHz, afin de permettre l\u2019\u00e9clairage simultan\u00e9 du d\u00e9tecteur par les faisceaux MIR issus de deux lasers \u00e0 cascade quantique. Le battement h\u00e9t\u00e9rodyne ainsi g\u00e9n\u00e9r\u00e9, c\u2019est-\u00e0-dire la composante ac du photo-courant oscillant \u00e0 la diff\u00e9rence de fr\u00e9quence entre les deux lasers, est ensuite d\u00e9tect\u00e9 \u00e0 l\u2019aide d\u2019un analyseur de spectre. Le r\u00e9sultat de la mesure \u00e0 temp\u00e9rature ambiante est illustr\u00e9 dans la figure ci-dessus (panneau de droite) ou chaque ligne rouge repr\u00e9sente un battement h\u00e9t\u00e9rodyne. On obtient une r\u00e9ponse en fr\u00e9quence quasiment plate jusqu\u2019\u00e0 70 GHz (cercles noirs), limit\u00e9e par la bande passante du syst\u00e8me de mesure. Il s\u2019agit de la plus large bande passante d\u00e9montr\u00e9e \u00e0 ce jour pour un photo-d\u00e9tecteur MIR \u00e0 puits quantiques, avec, en m\u00eame temps, des responsivit\u00e9s \u00e0 l\u2019\u00e9tat de l\u2019art de 0,15 A\/W et 1,5 A \/W respectivement \u00e0 T = 300K et T = 77K. Ces d\u00e9tecteurs offrent de nombreuses possibilit\u00e9s d\u2019application dans des domaines tels que les communications en espace libre, les contremesures militaires, l\u2019astrophysique, ainsi que la d\u00e9tection de gaz et la spectroscopie \u00e0 haute r\u00e9solution.<\/p>\n<\/div><\/section><\/div>\n\n<style type=\"text\/css\" data-created_by=\"avia_inline_auto\" id=\"style-css-av-1m6o6w6-f3139ae1ee1c172b902290dc8a07708d\">\n.flex_column.av-1m6o6w6-f3139ae1ee1c172b902290dc8a07708d{\nborder-radius:0px 0px 0px 0px;\npadding:0px 0px 0px 0px;\n}\n<\/style>\n<div  class='flex_column av-1m6o6w6-f3139ae1ee1c172b902290dc8a07708d av_one_full  avia-builder-el-10  el_after_av_one_half  el_before_av_one_third  first flex_column_div av-zero-column-padding  column-top-margin'     ><section  class='av_textblock_section av-klw2t5p7-fa3712ef196e1910dae2a3ef9ef6ad1e'   itemscope=\"itemscope\" itemtype=\"https:\/\/schema.org\/BlogPosting\" itemprop=\"blogPost\" ><div class='avia_textblock'  itemprop=\"text\" >\n<style type=\"text\/css\" data-created_by=\"avia_inline_auto\" id=\"style-css-av-13ewzjw-9a9f1cfb2a3570afb0f44a0c4adce97a\">\n.av_font_icon.av-13ewzjw-9a9f1cfb2a3570afb0f44a0c4adce97a{\ncolor:#800000;\nborder-color:#800000;\n}\n.av_font_icon.av-13ewzjw-9a9f1cfb2a3570afb0f44a0c4adce97a .av-icon-char{\nfont-size:30px;\nline-height:30px;\n}\n<\/style>\n<span  class='av_font_icon av-13ewzjw-9a9f1cfb2a3570afb0f44a0c4adce97a avia_animate_when_visible av-icon-style- avia-icon-pos-left avia-icon-animate'><span class='av-icon-char' aria-hidden='true' data-av_icon='\ue871' data-av_iconfont='entypo-fontello' ><\/span><\/span>\n<h6>Find out more :<br \/>\n<a href=\"https:\/\/dx.doi.org\/10.1021\/acsphotonics.0c01299\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">https:\/\/dx.doi.org\/10.1021\/acsphotonics.0c01299<\/a><\/h6>\n<\/div><\/section><\/div>\n\n<style type=\"text\/css\" data-created_by=\"avia_inline_auto\" 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>stefano.barbieri@univ-lille.fr<\/span><\/a><\/div>\n<\/div><\/section><\/div>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":44583,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[297],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-44582","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-newsletter"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.iemn.fr\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/44582","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.iemn.fr\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.iemn.fr\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.iemn.fr\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.iemn.fr\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=44582"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.iemn.fr\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/44582\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.iemn.fr\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/44583"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.iemn.fr\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=44582"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.iemn.fr\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=44582"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.iemn.fr\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=44582"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}