{"id":41846,"date":"2020-06-29T15:55:22","date_gmt":"2020-06-29T13:55:22","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.iemn.fr\/?p=41846"},"modified":"2020-06-29T15:55:22","modified_gmt":"2020-06-29T13:55:22","slug":"these-liuqing-pang-les-nanomateriaux-multimetaux-comme-electrocatalyseurs-efficaces","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.iemn.fr\/en\/articles-temporaires\/these-liuqing-pang-les-nanomateriaux-multimetaux-comme-electrocatalyseurs-efficaces.html","title":{"rendered":"THESE : Liuqing PANG \u2013 Les nanomat\u00e9riaux multim\u00e9taux comme \u00e9lectrocatalyseurs efficaces"},"content":{"rendered":"<div id='layer_slider_1'  class='avia-layerslider main_color avia-shadow  avia-builder-el-0  el_before_av_heading  avia-builder-el-first  container_wrap sidebar_right'  style='height: 261px;'  ><div id=\"layerslider_58_1f41bz511ywwz\" data-ls-slug=\"homepageslider\" class=\"ls-wp-container fitvidsignore ls-selectable\" style=\"width:1140px;height:260px;margin:0 auto;margin-bottom: 0px;\"><div class=\"ls-slide\" data-ls=\"duration:6000;transition2d:5;\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"2600\" height=\"270\" src=\"https:\/\/www.iemn.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/01\/sliders_news1.jpg\" class=\"ls-bg\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.iemn.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/01\/sliders_news1.jpg 2600w, https:\/\/www.iemn.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/01\/sliders_news1-300x31.jpg 300w, https:\/\/www.iemn.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/01\/sliders_news1-768x80.jpg 768w, https:\/\/www.iemn.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/01\/sliders_news1-1030x107.jpg 1030w, https:\/\/www.iemn.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/01\/sliders_news1-1500x156.jpg 1500w, https:\/\/www.iemn.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/01\/sliders_news1-705x73.jpg 705w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 2600px) 100vw, 2600px\" \/><ls-layer style=\"font-size:14px;text-align:left;font-style:normal;text-decoration:none;text-transform:none;font-weight:700;letter-spacing:0px;border-style:solid;border-color:#000;background-position:0% 0%;background-repeat:no-repeat;width:180px;height:30px;left:0px;top:231px;line-height:32px;color:#ffffff;border-radius:6px 6px 6px 6px;padding-left:50px;background-color:rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.57);\" class=\"ls-l ls-ib-icon ls-text-layer\" data-ls=\"minfontsize:0;minmobilefontsize:0;\"><i class=\"fa fa-quote-right\" style=\"color:#ffffff;margin-right:0.8em;font-size:1em;transform:translateY( -0.125em );\"><\/i>ACTUALITES<\/ls-layer><\/div><\/div><\/div><div id='after_layer_slider_1'  class='main_color av_default_container_wrap container_wrap sidebar_right'  ><div class='container av-section-cont-open' ><div class='template-page content  av-content-small alpha units'><div class='post-entry post-entry-type-page post-entry-41846'><div class='entry-content-wrapper clearfix'>\n\n<style type=\"text\/css\" data-created_by=\"avia_inline_auto\" id=\"style-css-av-kc0iknv0-0c13a68568e7a0139cbb95159917ace4\">\n#top .av-special-heading.av-kc0iknv0-0c13a68568e7a0139cbb95159917ace4{\nmargin:0 0 10px 0;\npadding-bottom:4px;\n}\nbody .av-special-heading.av-kc0iknv0-0c13a68568e7a0139cbb95159917ace4 .av-special-heading-tag .heading-char{\nfont-size:25px;\n}\n.av-special-heading.av-kc0iknv0-0c13a68568e7a0139cbb95159917ace4 .av-subheading{\nfont-size:15px;\n}\n<\/style>\n<div  class='av-special-heading av-kc0iknv0-0c13a68568e7a0139cbb95159917ace4 av-special-heading-h2  avia-builder-el-1  el_after_av_layerslider  el_before_av_hr  avia-builder-el-first'><h2 class='av-special-heading-tag'  itemprop=\"headline\"  >THESE : Liuqing PANG \u2013 Les nanomat\u00e9riaux multim\u00e9taux comme \u00e9lectrocatalyseurs efficaces<\/h2><div class=\"special-heading-border\"><div class=\"special-heading-inner-border\"><\/div><\/div><\/div>\n\n<style type=\"text\/css\" data-created_by=\"avia_inline_auto\" id=\"style-css-av-18u73nj-dad6a947580930e400fc42ba200e80f1\">\n#top .hr.av-18u73nj-dad6a947580930e400fc42ba200e80f1{\nmargin-top:5px;\nmargin-bottom:5px;\n}\n.hr.av-18u73nj-dad6a947580930e400fc42ba200e80f1 .hr-inner{\nwidth:100%;\n}\n<\/style>\n<div  class='hr av-18u73nj-dad6a947580930e400fc42ba200e80f1 hr-custom  avia-builder-el-2  el_after_av_heading  el_before_av_textblock  hr-left hr-icon-no'><span class='hr-inner inner-border-av-border-thin'><span class=\"hr-inner-style\"><\/span><\/span><\/div>\n<section  class='av_textblock_section av-jriy64i8-2f4600354c0449b610997916bbd9b6bc'   itemscope=\"itemscope\" itemtype=\"https:\/\/schema.org\/BlogPosting\" itemprop=\"blogPost\" ><div class='avia_textblock'  itemprop=\"text\" >\n<style type=\"text\/css\" data-created_by=\"avia_inline_auto\" id=\"style-css-av-13ewzjw-68e036126b913e5028f77311dc66b825\">\n.av_font_icon.av-13ewzjw-68e036126b913e5028f77311dc66b825{\ncolor:#bfbfbf;\nborder-color:#bfbfbf;\n}\n.av_font_icon.av-13ewzjw-68e036126b913e5028f77311dc66b825 .av-icon-char{\nfont-size:60px;\nline-height:60px;\n}\n<\/style>\n<span  class='av_font_icon av-13ewzjw-68e036126b913e5028f77311dc66b825 avia_animate_when_visible av-icon-style- avia-icon-pos-left avia-icon-animate'><span class='av-icon-char' aria-hidden='true' data-av_icon='\ue8c9' data-av_iconfont='entypo-fontello' ><\/span><\/span>\n<p><strong>Liuqing PANG<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Soutenance : 10 juillet 2020 \u00e0 10h00<strong><br \/>\n<\/strong>Salle IRCICA \u2013 Campus CNRS Haute Borne \u2013 Villeneuve d\u2019Ascq<\/p>\n<\/div><\/section>\n<section  class='av_textblock_section av-jtefqx33-628129dba2299b2ecd65ebfc92eac29d'   itemscope=\"itemscope\" itemtype=\"https:\/\/schema.org\/BlogPosting\" itemprop=\"blogPost\" ><div class='avia_textblock'  itemprop=\"text\" ><div  class='hr av-kjh3zw-4dff888f744b728a1aca9b3a0971493a hr-default  avia-builder-el-6  avia-builder-el-no-sibling'><span class='hr-inner'><span class=\"hr-inner-style\"><\/span><\/span><\/div>\n<h5><strong><span style=\"color: #800000;\">Jury :<\/span><\/strong><\/h5>\n<ul>\n<li>Rabah BOUKHERROUB, DR1, Universit\u00e9 de Lille, CoDirecteur de th\u00e8se<\/li>\n<li>Sabine \u00a0SZUNERITS, Professeur, Universit\u00e9 de Lille, CoDirecteur de th\u00e8se<\/li>\n<li>Bruno \u00a0FABRE, Directeur de recherche, UMR CNRS 6226 \u2013 institute des Sciences Chimiques de Rennes Universit\u00e9 de Rennes 1,\u00a0 Rapporteur<\/li>\n<li>Fran\u00e7ois \u00a0OZANAM, Directeur de recherche, Laboratoire de Physique de la Mati\u00e8re Condens\u00e9e Ecole Polytechnique, Rapporteur<\/li>\n<li>Alexandru \u00a0VLAD, Professeur,\u00a0 MOST Place Louis Pasteur 1\/L4.01.02,\u00a0 Examinateur<\/li>\n<li>Henri \u00a0HAPPY, Professeur, Institut d\u2019Electronique, de Micro\u00e9lectronique et de Nanotechnologie (IEMN), UMR CNRS8520,\u00a0 Examinateur<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h5>Summary:<\/h5>\n<p>L\u2019hydrog\u00e8ne (H2) a \u00e9t\u00e9 consid\u00e9r\u00e9 comme le vecteur d\u2019\u00e9nergie le plus prometteur et renouvelable. Avec les avantages d\u2019un faible co\u00fbt et d\u2019une grande efficacit\u00e9, le fractionnement \u00e9lectrochimique de l\u2019eau est une approche prometteuse pour produire de l\u2019H2 d\u2019une grande puret\u00e9. Cependant, l\u2019application pratique du fractionnement \u00e9lectrochimique de l\u2019eau pour la production \u00e0 grande \u00e9chelle de H2 est fortement entrav\u00e9e par une tension de polarisation \u00e9lev\u00e9e et par une faible stabilit\u00e9 d\u2019\u00e9lectrode. L\u2019\u00e9lectrolyse comprend deux demi-r\u00e9actions, \u00e0 savoir la r\u00e9action de d\u00e9gagement cathodique de l\u2019hydrog\u00e8ne (HER) et la r\u00e9action anodique de d\u00e9gagement d\u2019oxyg\u00e8ne (OER).<br \/>\nActuellement, les m\u00e9taux du groupe Pt sont les catalyseurs les plus efficaces pour HER alors que les catalyseurs \u00e0 base d\u2019Ir\/Ru sont utilis\u00e9s pour la r\u00e9action de d\u00e9gagement d\u2019oxyg\u00e8ne. Cependant, le co\u00fbt \u00e9lev\u00e9 et la raret\u00e9 de ces m\u00e9taux limitent leur usage \u00e0 grande \u00e9chelle. Des efforts consid\u00e9rables ont alors \u00e9t\u00e9 consacr\u00e9s au d\u00e9veloppement de catalyseurs nanostructur\u00e9s en alliage ou en m\u00e9taux non nobles pour le fractionnement de l\u2019eau.<br \/>\nDans ce travail de th\u00e8se, nous avons synth\u00e9tis\u00e9 des catalyseurs tr\u00e8s efficaces et stables en utilisant un processus simple et respectueux de l\u2019environnement. Premi\u00e8rement, nous avons pr\u00e9par\u00e9 des nanoparticules de PtRu2 support\u00e9es sur un mat\u00e9riau \u00e0 base de graph\u00e8ne co-dop\u00e9 au soufre et \u00e0 l\u2019azote renfermant des traces de fer (PtRu2\/PF) par une r\u00e9action hydrothermale. Le catalyseur PtRu2\/PF peut produire une densit\u00e9 de courant de 10 mA cm-2 \u00e0 une faible valeur de surtension de 101 mV pour HER \u00e0 pH = 1, et une densit\u00e9 de courant de 10 mA cm-2 \u00e0 une surtension de 238 mV pour l\u2019OER en milieu alcalin. De plus, ce catalyseur est \u00e9galement tr\u00e8s efficace pour l\u2019oxydation du m\u00e9thanol (MOR) en milieu acide et pour la r\u00e9duction d\u2019oxyg\u00e8ne (ORR) dans une solution 0.1 M KOH. Dans la deuxi\u00e8me partie de mon travail de th\u00e8se, nous d\u00e9crivons la pr\u00e9paration d\u2019un mat\u00e9riau hybride constitu\u00e9 d\u2019oxyde de cobalt d\u00e9cor\u00e9 sur MoS2 dop\u00e9 \u00e0 l\u2019azote support\u00e9 sur des fibres de carbone (CoO\/N-MoS2\/CF) en combinant la technique hydrothermale et le d\u00e9p\u00f4t \u00e9lectrochimique. Le CoO\/N-MoS2\/CF a fourni une densit\u00e9 de courant de 10 mA cm-2 \u00e0 une surtension de 78 mV pour la r\u00e9action de d\u00e9gagement d\u2019hydrog\u00e8ne (HER) et une densit\u00e9 de courant de 50 mA cm-2 \u00e0 458 mV pour la r\u00e9action de d\u00e9gagement d\u2019oxyg\u00e8ne (OER) dans 1.0 M KOH. De plus, le CoO\/N-MoS2\/CF a permis de g\u00e9n\u00e9rer une densit\u00e9 de courant maximale de 53 mA cm-2 \u00e0 une tension de cellule appliqu\u00e9e de 1.5 V pour l\u2019\u00e9lectrolyse d\u2019eau dans un syst\u00e8me \u00e0 deux \u00e9lectrodes. Dans la troisi\u00e8me partie de mon travail de th\u00e8se, nous avons montr\u00e9 pour la premi\u00e8re fois l\u2019effet de plasmons de surface localis\u00e9s pour acc\u00e9l\u00e9rer la r\u00e9action \u00e9lectrochimique de d\u00e9gagement d\u2019hydrog\u00e8ne en utilisant un film mince d\u2019or nanostructur\u00e9, sous un \u00e9clairage avec de la lumi\u00e8re dans le proche infrarouge. La g\u00e9n\u00e9ration d\u2019un champ \u00e9lectromagn\u00e9tique intense, sous l\u2019\u00e9clairage de l\u2019\u00e9lectrode perfor\u00e9e de nano-trous d\u2019or (Au NH), facilite la dissociation de l\u2019eau en H2. La surtension n\u00e9cessaire pour le d\u00e9gagement d\u2019hydrog\u00e8ne sur de telles \u00e9lectrodes plasmoniques est de 205 mV pour produire une densit\u00e9 de courant de 100 mA cm-2, largement am\u00e9lior\u00e9e par rapport au mat\u00e9riau de r\u00e9f\u00e9rence, le Pt. Le comportement \u00e9lectrocatalytique est aussi caract\u00e9ris\u00e9 par une faible pente de Tafel de 33 mV dec-1. L\u2019ensemble des mat\u00e9riaux pr\u00e9par\u00e9s dans ce travail ont \u00e9t\u00e9 caract\u00e9ris\u00e9s par une vari\u00e9t\u00e9 de techniques diff\u00e9rentes, telles que la microscopie \u00e9lectronique \u00e0 balayage (MEB), en transmission (MET), la diffractom\u00e9trie de rayons X (DRX), spectrom\u00e9trie photo\u00e9lectronique X (XPS), la spectroscopie Raman et des mesures \u00e9lectrochimiques.<\/p>\n<h5>Abstract:<\/h5>\n<p>Hydrogen (H2) has been considered as the most promising and renewable energy carrier. With the advantages of low cost and high efficiency, electrochemical water splitting is a promising approach to produce H2 with high purity. However, the practical application of water splitting for mass production of H2 is greatly hindered by the high applied bias voltage and electrode stability required in an electrolyzer arising from the two-half reactions in water splitting, namely, cathodic hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) and anodic oxygen evolution reaction (OER).<br \/>\nCurrently, Pt-group metals are the most effective catalysts for HER, while the benchmark catalysts for OER are Ir\/Ru-based compounds. However, high cost and scarcity of these metals limit their widespread use. Therefore, enormous efforts have been dedicated to the development of nano-scale non-noble metal catalysts with high dispersibility, large specific surface area, and electrocatalytic activity for water splitting.<br \/>\nIn this thesis, we have developed high-efficiency, high-stability, and cost-effective electrocatalysts using a simple and environmentally friendly process. Firstly, we prepared new PtRu2 nanoparticles supported on sulphur- and nitrogen-co-doped crumbled graphene with trace amounts of iron (PtRu2\/PF) electrocatalyst by one-step hydrothermal process. The PtRu2\/PF catalyst achieved a current density of 10 mA\u00b7cm-2 at a low overpotential value of only 101 mV for HER at pH=1 and a current density of 10 mA cm-2 at an overpotential of only 238 mV for the OER in alkaline solution. Interestingly, this catalyst was also efficient for methanol oxidation reaction (MOR) in acidic solution and oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) in 0.1 M KOH solution. Secondly, we described the preparation of a hybrid material consisting of cobalt oxide decorated on nitrogen-doped MoS2 supported on carbon fibers (CoO\/N-MoS2\/CF) through a two-step process combining hydrothermal technique and electrochemical deposition. The CoO\/N-MoS2\/CF achieved a current density of 10 mA cm-2 at an overpotential of only 78 mV for the HER and a current density of 50 mA cm-2 at 458 mV for the OER in 1.0 M KOH. Additionally, the CoO\/N-MoS2\/CF delivered a maximum current density of 53 mA cm-2 at an applied cell voltage of 1.5 V for a two-electrode water splitting. Thirdly, we showed for the first time the extraordinarily capacity of perforated gold nanoholes (Au NHs) electrodes for electrochemical water splitting under illumination with light. The strong plasmonic electromagnetic enhancement, which occurs under illumination of the perforated Au NHs electrode, facilities the dissociation of water into H2. The overpotential for the HER occurs on such plasmonic electrodes at a current density of 100 mA cm-2 was 205 mV, largely improved compared to the reference material, Pt. The fast electrocatalytic behavior of the interface was attested by a low Tafel slope of 33 mV dec-1. All of these materials were characterized by a variety of different techniques, such as SEM, TEM, XRD, XPS, Raman and electrochemical measurements.<\/p>\n<\/div><\/section>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[36],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-41846","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-articles-temporaires"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.iemn.fr\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/41846","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.iemn.fr\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.iemn.fr\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.iemn.fr\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.iemn.fr\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=41846"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.iemn.fr\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/41846\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.iemn.fr\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=41846"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.iemn.fr\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=41846"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.iemn.fr\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=41846"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}