{"id":13478,"date":"2017-06-28T09:36:49","date_gmt":"2017-06-28T07:36:49","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.iemn.fr\/?p=13478"},"modified":"2019-10-10T14:50:09","modified_gmt":"2019-10-10T12:50:09","slug":"vmicro-spinoff-de-liemn-realise-la-configuration-verticale-du-premier-microscope-de-champ-proche-de-lhistoire","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.iemn.fr\/en\/actualites\/vmicro-spinoff-de-liemn-realise-la-configuration-verticale-du-premier-microscope-de-champ-proche-de-lhistoire.html","title":{"rendered":"Vmicro, spinoff de l\u2019IEMN r\u00e9alise la configuration verticale du premier microscope de champ proche de l\u2019histoire"},"content":{"rendered":"<div id=\"attachment_13485\" style=\"width: 223px\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.iemn.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/06\/vprobe.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-13485\" class=\"wp-image-13485\" src=\"https:\/\/www.iemn.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/06\/vprobe.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"213\" height=\"284\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.iemn.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/06\/vprobe.jpg 733w, https:\/\/www.iemn.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/06\/vprobe-225x300.jpg 225w, https:\/\/www.iemn.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/06\/vprobe-528x705.jpg 528w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 213px) 100vw, 213px\" \/><\/a><p id=\"caption-attachment-13485\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">APPLIED PHYSICS LETTERS 110, 243101 (2017) [http:\/\/dx.doi.org\/10.1063\/1.4985125]<\/p><\/div>\n<h4>Instrumentation aux limites : le nouveau microscope \u00e0 force atomique renouvel\u00e9 par les capteurs micro-et nano- syst\u00e8mes, bas\u00e9 sur un microsyst\u00e8mes<\/h4>\n<p><strong>T<\/strong>es microscopes sont des outils de travail quotidiens dans des domaines tels que l\u2019\u00e9lectronique, la chimie, la m\u00e9tallurgie, les sciences de la vie, la recherche en physique. Disposer de microscopes performants est indispensable pour cr\u00e9er de nouvelles fili\u00e8res technologiques (qualifier les mat\u00e9riaux, les proc\u00e9d\u00e9s) ou encore poser un diagnostic. Bien que tr\u00e8s r\u00e9pandus, les microscopes optiques ne suffisent pas toujours \u00e0 fournir la r\u00e9solution n\u00e9cessaire a cause des limites impos\u00e9es par la diffraction de la lumi\u00e8re.<\/p>\n<p><strong>U<\/strong>ne troisi\u00e8me famille de microscopes, dits \u00e0 sondes locales, a vu le jour dans les ann\u00e9es 1980. La technologie la plus r\u00e9pandue est le microscope \u00e0 force atomique ou AFM pour Atomic Force Microscope. Son principe revient \u00e0 remplacer le sens de la vue par celui du toucher. Une nano-pointe balaye la surface \u00e0 observer ligne par ligne, \u00e0 la mani\u00e8re des non-voyants lisant le braille. La pointe renvoie une mesure de force, et, en assemblant toutes les lignes, le microscope reconstitue une image de la surface. Gr\u00e2ce aux micro-technologies, on sait fabriquer depuis 1985 des pointes extr\u00eamement fines. Cela conf\u00e8re au microscope AFM une r\u00e9solution lui permettant de voir des nanostructures, des atomes individuels, ou encore des mol\u00e9cules (ADN, prot\u00e9ines). Cependant, jusqu\u2019\u00e0 maintenant le capteur de force qui fait le lien entre la pointe et la t\u00eate de l\u2019appareil avait tr\u00e8s peu \u00e9volu\u00e9: il limitait fortement la rapidit\u00e9 de la mesure et n\u00e9cessitait une instrumentation optique macroscopique qui constitue souvent un verrou.<\/p>\n<p><strong> D<\/strong>epuis 2005, les travaux de l\u2019IEMN sur des technologies MEMS (Micro-Electro-Mechanical-Systems ont permis d\u2019explorer une instrumentation bas\u00e9e sur des capteurs renouvel\u00e9s. Cette approche est repartie \u00e0 la base par la conception microm\u00e9canique de r\u00e9sonateurs \u00e0 pointes, puis s\u2019est poursuivie sur les aspects instrumentaux.<\/p>\n<p><em><strong> E<\/strong>n 2015, la soci\u00e9t\u00e9 <a href=\"https:\/\/vmicro.fr\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\"><strong>Vmicro<\/strong><\/a> a \u00e9t\u00e9 cr\u00e9\u00e9e en tant que spin-off du laboratoire et poursuit le d\u00e9veloppement de ces sondes en optimisant toutes les \u00e9tapes de fabrication<\/em> en salle blanche, afin de mettre sur pied une production compatible avec les exigences des utilisateurs d\u2019AFM issus de domaines tr\u00e8s vari\u00e9s, de la science des surfaces aux biologistes. L\u2019entreprise collabore \u00e0 travers plusieurs projets avec l\u2019IEMN et une publication commune vient de concr\u00e9tiser un nouveau saut technologique.<\/p>\n<p><strong> T<\/strong>es chercheurs et ing\u00e9nieurs ont d\u00e9velopp\u00e9 une micro-sonde verticale bas\u00e9e sur un r\u00e9sonateur qui permet de contr\u00f4ler le mouvement de la pointe de fa\u00e7on optimale et ce \u00e0 des fr\u00e9quences de plusieurs m\u00e9gahertz. Une version plus miniature en technologie NEMS est aussi pr\u00e9sent\u00e9e dans l\u2019article.<\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #993300;\"><strong>T<\/strong><\/span>e nouveau capteur, nomm\u00e9 Vprobe, a \u00e9t\u00e9 utilis\u00e9 dans un microscope commercial modifi\u00e9 et a \u00e9t\u00e9 test\u00e9 avec succ\u00e8s en conditions r\u00e9elles, aux limites instrumentales permises par le montage. Avec une pointe tr\u00e8s \u00e9lanc\u00e9e, la Vprobe r\u00e9alise enfin la configuration verticale du premier microscope de champ proche de l\u2019histoire, le STM (scanning tunneling microscope) mais avec les atouts de l\u2019AFM. Des transducteurs invent\u00e9s pour l\u2019occasion permettent de travailler \u00e0 tr\u00e8s faible imp\u00e9dance.<\/p>\n<h5>R\u00e9f\u00e9rence : Atomic force microscope based on vertical silicon probe \u2013 APPLIED PHYSICS LETTERS 110, 243101 (2017)<\/h5>\n<p><strong>Benjamin Walter,1\u00a0Estelle Mairiaux,1 and Marc Faucher1,2<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>1 &#8211; <em>Vmicro SAS, Avenue Poincar\u00e9<\/em><em>, 59650 Villeneuve d\u2019Ascq, France<br \/>\n<\/em>2 &#8211; <em>Institut d\u2019Electronique, de Micro\u00e9<\/em><em>lectronique et de Nanotechnologie, CNRS UMR 8520, Univ. <\/em><em>Lille<\/em><\/p>\n<p><strong>\u00a0ABSTRACT :<\/strong> A family of silicon micro-sensors for Atomic Force Microscope (AFM) is presented that allows to operate with integrated transducers from medium to high frequencies together with moderate stiff- ness constants. The sensors are based on Micro-Electro-Mechanical-Systems technology. The verti- cal design specifically enables a long tip to oscillate perpendicularly to the surface to be imaged. The tip is part of a resonator including quasi-flexural composite beams, and symmetrical transducers that can be used as piezoresistive detector and\/or electro-thermal actuator. Two vertical probes (Vprobes) were operated up to 4.3 MHz with stiffness constants 150 N\/m to 500 N\/m and the capa- bility to oscillate from 10 pm to 90 nm. AFM images of several samples both in amplitude modula- tion (tapping-mode) and in frequency modulation were obtained. <em>Published by AIP Publishing.<\/em> [<a href=\"http:\/\/dx.doi.org\/10.1063\/1.4985125\">http:\/\/dx.doi.org\/10.1063\/1.4985125<\/a>]<\/p>\n<div id=\"attachment_13490\" style=\"width: 366px\" class=\"wp-caption alignleft\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.iemn.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/06\/Vprobe_Fig.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-13490\" class=\"wp-image-13490\" src=\"https:\/\/www.iemn.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/06\/Vprobe_Fig.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"356\" height=\"307\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.iemn.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/06\/Vprobe_Fig.jpg 700w, https:\/\/www.iemn.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/06\/Vprobe_Fig-300x259.jpg 300w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 356px) 100vw, 356px\" \/><\/a><p id=\"caption-attachment-13490\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">SEM images of two micro-fabricated Vprobes.<\/p><\/div>\n<p><strong><span style=\"color: #993300;\">(a)<\/span><\/strong> Vprobe n\u00a0\u00bb1 made on 5 lm device layer SOI wafer: operating frequency 1.18 MHz, stiffness 500 N\/m. On this probe, the tip has an electrical access, thanks to metal lines deposited onto lateral beams 4,5.<\/p>\n<p><strong><span style=\"color: #993300;\">(b)<\/span><\/strong> More miniaturized device Vprobe n\u00a0\u00bb2 made on 500nm thick SOI: operating frequency 4.3 MHz, 150 N\/m.<\/p>\n<p><strong><span style=\"color: #993300;\">(c)<\/span><\/strong> Integrated high aspect ratio silicon tip obtained on Vprobe 1<\/p>\n<p><strong><span style=\"color: #993300;\">(d)<\/span><\/strong> zoom at the tip apex.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><em>\u00a0<\/em><\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Instrumentation at the limits: the new atomic force microscope renewed by micro- and nanosystems sensors Microscopes are everyday working tools in fields such as electronics, chemistry, metallurgy, life sciences and physics research. High-performance microscopes are essential for [...]<\/p>","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":13503,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[8],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-13478","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-actualites"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.iemn.fr\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/13478","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.iemn.fr\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.iemn.fr\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.iemn.fr\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.iemn.fr\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=13478"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.iemn.fr\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/13478\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.iemn.fr\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/13503"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.iemn.fr\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=13478"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.iemn.fr\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=13478"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.iemn.fr\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=13478"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}