{"id":29440,"date":"2018-04-25T09:58:15","date_gmt":"2018-04-25T07:58:15","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.iemn.fr\/?page_id=29440"},"modified":"2026-10-06T08:20:50","modified_gmt":"2026-10-06T06:20:50","slug":"ephoni","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/www.iemn.fr\/en\/la-recherche\/les-groupes\/physique\/ephoni","title":{"rendered":"EPHONI"},"content":{"rendered":"<div id='layer_slider_1'  class='avia-layerslider main_color avia-shadow  avia-builder-el-0  el_before_av_submenu  avia-builder-el-first  container_wrap sidebar_right'  style='height: 261px;'  ><div id=\"layerslider_52_bdtz59kc58t6\" data-ls-slug=\"homepageslider\" class=\"ls-wp-container fitvidsignore ls-selectable\" style=\"width:1140px;height:260px;margin:0 auto;margin-bottom: 0px;\"><div class=\"ls-slide\" data-ls=\"duration:6000;transition2d:5;\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"2600\" height=\"270\" src=\"https:\/\/www.iemn.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/11\/sliders_groupe_physique.jpg\" class=\"ls-bg\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.iemn.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/11\/sliders_groupe_physique.jpg 2600w, https:\/\/www.iemn.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/11\/sliders_groupe_physique-300x31.jpg 300w, https:\/\/www.iemn.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/11\/sliders_groupe_physique-768x80.jpg 768w, https:\/\/www.iemn.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/11\/sliders_groupe_physique-1030x107.jpg 1030w, https:\/\/www.iemn.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/11\/sliders_groupe_physique-1500x156.jpg 1500w, https:\/\/www.iemn.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/11\/sliders_groupe_physique-705x73.jpg 705w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 2600px) 100vw, 2600px\" \/><ls-layer style=\"font-size:14px;text-align:left;font-style:normal;text-decoration:none;text-transform:none;font-weight:700;letter-spacing:0px;background-position:0% 0%;background-repeat:no-repeat;mix-blend-mode:normal;top:231px;left:0px;height:30px;width:350px;line-height:32px;color:#ffffff;border-radius:6px 6px 6px 6px;padding-left:50px;background-color:rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.57);\" class=\"ls-l ls-ib-icon ls-text-layer\" data-ls=\"minfontsize:0;minmobilefontsize:0;\"><i class=\"fa fa-user-circle\" style=\"color:#f2f2f2;margin-right:0.8em;font-size:1em;transform:translateY( -0.125em );\"><\/i>GROUPE DE RECHERCHE : PHYSIQUE<\/ls-layer><\/div><div class=\"ls-slide\" data-ls=\"duration:6000;transition2d:5;\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"2600\" height=\"270\" src=\"https:\/\/www.iemn.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/12\/sliders_groupe_physique2.jpg\" class=\"ls-bg\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.iemn.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/12\/sliders_groupe_physique2.jpg 2600w, https:\/\/www.iemn.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/12\/sliders_groupe_physique2-300x31.jpg 300w, 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style=\"color:#f2f2f2;margin-right:0.8em;font-size:1em;transform:translateY( -0.125em );\"><\/i>GROUPE DE RECHERCHE : PHYSIQUE<\/ls-layer><\/div><\/div><\/div>\n<div id='sub_menu1'  class='av-submenu-container av-jrqfadqy-ce2f2ab09b07c9cd48b0b2cdd423b7d9 footer_color  avia-builder-el-1  el_after_av_layerslider  el_before_av_one_full  submenu-not-first container_wrap sidebar_right' style='z-index:301' ><div class='container av-menu-mobile-disabled av-submenu-pos-left'><ul id='av-custom-submenu-1' class='av-subnav-menu' role='menu'>\n<li class='menu-item av-3b8nwsr-3adfee6b871674e46730054f5e6bb82f menu-item-top-level menu-item-top-level-1' role='menuitem'><a href='https:\/\/www.iemn.fr\/en\/la-recherche\/les-groupes\/physique'  ><span class='avia-bullet'><\/span><span class='avia-menu-text'>Introduction<\/span><\/a><\/li>\n<li class='menu-item av-9lzktn-2d98f0da28fbfe18b4d07477d4d2a6b1 menu-item-top-level menu-item-top-level-2' role='menuitem'><a href='https:\/\/www.iemn.fr\/en\/la-recherche\/les-groupes\/physique\/ephoni'  ><span class='avia-bullet'><\/span><span class='avia-menu-text'>EPHONI <\/span><\/a><\/li>\n<li class='menu-item av-12xpep7-63fc73235f1da7ae856f01ff27847548 menu-item-top-level menu-item-top-level-3' role='menuitem'><a href='https:\/\/www.iemn.fr\/en\/la-recherche\/les-groupes\/physique\/nanostructures-quantum'  ><span class='avia-bullet'><\/span><span class='avia-menu-text'>PNQD<\/span><\/a><\/li>\n<li class='menu-item av-1zonysr-301be469f3c5e31ac61447e74ef7987e menu-item-top-level menu-item-top-level-4' role='menuitem'><a href='https:\/\/www.iemn.fr\/en\/la-recherche\/les-groupes\/physique\/namaste'  ><span class='avia-bullet'><\/span><span class='avia-menu-text'>NAMASTE <\/span><\/a><\/li>\n<li class='menu-item av-1jtretn-3b2993156cf5b8dc7da2eb31b5f2f85c menu-item-top-level menu-item-top-level-5' role='menuitem'><a href='https:\/\/www.iemn.fr\/en\/la-recherche\/les-groupes\/physique\/nanoacoustique'  ><span class='avia-bullet'><\/span><span class='avia-menu-text'>NANOACOUSTICS<\/span><\/a><\/li>\n<li class='menu-item av-1546b6a-9a596027475e6d2da3b75314796eb4e7 menu-item-top-level menu-item-top-level-6' role='menuitem'><a href='https:\/\/www.iemn.fr\/en\/la-recherche\/les-groupes\/physique\/hopast'  ><span class='avia-bullet'><\/span><span class='avia-menu-text'>HOPAST<\/span><\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul><\/div><\/div><div id='after_submenu_1'  class='main_color av_default_container_wrap container_wrap sidebar_right'  ><div class='container av-section-cont-open' ><div class='template-page content  av-content-small alpha units'><div class='post-entry post-entry-type-page post-entry-29440'><div class='entry-content-wrapper clearfix'>\n\n<style type=\"text\/css\" data-created_by=\"avia_inline_auto\" id=\"style-css-av-14zw274-6ba09d23bb627f4ce705212ffcb70c06\">\n.flex_column.av-14zw274-6ba09d23bb627f4ce705212ffcb70c06{\nborder-radius:0px 0px 0px 0px;\npadding:0px 0px 0px 0px;\n}\n<\/style>\n<div  class='flex_column av-14zw274-6ba09d23bb627f4ce705212ffcb70c06 av_one_full  avia-builder-el-2  el_after_av_submenu  avia-builder-el-no-sibling  first flex_column_div av-zero-column-padding  '     ><p>\n<style type=\"text\/css\" data-created_by=\"avia_inline_auto\" id=\"style-css-av-p55xpc-823df049fac4f9ea569d120429941bae\">\n#top .av-special-heading.av-p55xpc-823df049fac4f9ea569d120429941bae{\npadding-bottom:10px;\n}\nbody .av-special-heading.av-p55xpc-823df049fac4f9ea569d120429941bae .av-special-heading-tag .heading-char{\nfont-size:25px;\n}\n.av-special-heading.av-p55xpc-823df049fac4f9ea569d120429941bae .av-subheading{\nfont-size:15px;\n}\n<\/style>\n<div  class='av-special-heading av-p55xpc-823df049fac4f9ea569d120429941bae av-special-heading-h2  avia-builder-el-3  el_before_av_tab_container  avia-builder-el-first '><h2 class='av-special-heading-tag '  itemprop=\"headline\"  >EPHONI : Research Activities<\/h2><div class=\"special-heading-border\"><div class=\"special-heading-inner-border\"><\/div><\/div><\/div><br \/>\n<div  class='tabcontainer av-muo7cq0m-c89ecb5e204d0e1b8a02a0cb925fc8d0 top_tab  avia-builder-el-4  el_after_av_heading  avia-builder-el-last '>\n<section class='av_tab_section av_tab_section av-2ehl3wg-d397e5de010d36ef0697149f171d577d'  itemscope=\"itemscope\" itemtype=\"https:\/\/schema.org\/CreativeWork\" ><div id='tab-id-1-tab' class='tab active_tab' role='tab' aria-selected=\"true\" tabindex=\"0\" data-fake-id='#tab-id-1' aria-controls='tab-id-1-content'  itemprop=\"headline\" ><span class='tab_icon' aria-hidden='true' data-av_icon='\ue817' data-av_iconfont='entypo-fontello'><\/span>EPHONI : presentation<\/div><div id='tab-id-1-content' class='tab_content active_tab_content' role='tabpanel' aria-labelledby='tab-id-1-tab' aria-hidden=\"false\"><div class='tab_inner_content invers-color'  itemprop=\"text\" ><p><strong> The EPHONI\u2019s activities focuses on three main scientific themes relating to waves and their interactions in micro- and nanostructures :<\/strong><br \/>\n\u2022\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Phononics and acoustic metamaterials<br \/>\n\u2022\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Photonics and plasmonics<br \/>\n\u2022\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 PhoXonics, Phonon-cavity electromechanics and Optomecanics<br \/>\nThe aim is to highlight the fundamental physical properties and\/or behaviour of devices for applications (in telecommunications, sensors, energy, textiles&#8230;) using analytical and numerical calculations. The aim is to investigate the fundamental physical properties and\/or behaviour of devices for applications in quantum engineering, telecommunications, sensing, neuro-inspired computing, energy, textiles, and other fields through a combination of analytical calculations, numerical simulations, and experimental investigations. The subjects covered are based on contractual funds, with strong links to local, national and European partners for experimental demonstrations.<br \/>\nContact : Ga\u00ebtan L\u00e9v\u00eaque <a href=\"mailto:gaetan.leveque@univ-lille.fr\">gaetan.leveque@univ-lille.fr<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div><\/div><\/section>\n<section class='av_tab_section av_tab_section av-226oqzk-5ae2362f2eb944f373fd6641ebf14982'  itemscope=\"itemscope\" itemtype=\"https:\/\/schema.org\/CreativeWork\" ><div id='tab-id-2-tab' class='tab' role='tab' aria-selected=\"false\" tabindex=\"0\" data-fake-id='#tab-id-2' aria-controls='tab-id-2-content'  itemprop=\"headline\" ><span class='tab_icon' aria-hidden='true' data-av_icon='\ue817' data-av_iconfont='entypo-fontello'><\/span>EPHONI : Members<\/div><div id='tab-id-2-content' class='tab_content' role='tabpanel' aria-labelledby='tab-id-2-tab' aria-hidden=\"true\"><div class='tab_inner_content invers-color'  itemprop=\"text\" ><p><strong><span style=\"color: #800000;\">Membres Permanents<\/span><\/strong><br \/>\n\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 <strong>Ga\u00ebtan L\u00e9v\u00eaque,<\/strong> Professeur des Universit\u00e9s<br \/>\ngaetan.leveque@univ-lille.fr \u00a0\/ \u00a0+33 (0)3 20 43 48 09<br \/>\n\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 <strong>Yan Pennec,<\/strong> Professeur des Universit\u00e9s<br \/>\nyan.pennec@univ-lille.fr \u00a0\/ \u00a0+33 (0)3 20 43 68 07<br \/>\n\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 <strong>Abdellatif Akjouj,<\/strong> Professeur des Universit\u00e9s<br \/>\nabdellatif.akjouj@univ-lille.fr \u00a0\/ \u00a0+33 (0)3 20 43 xx xx<br \/>\n\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 <strong>Laurent Carpentier,<\/strong> Maitre de Conf\u00e9rences HDR<br \/>\nlaurent.carpentier2@univ-lille.fr \u00a0\/ \u00a0+33 (0)3 20 43 xx xx<br \/>\n\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 <strong>Oph\u00e9lie Saison-Francioso,<\/strong> Charg\u00e9e de Recherche au CNRS<br \/>\nophelie.saison-francioso@univ-lille.fr \u00a0\/ \u00a0+33 (0)3 20 43 64 92<br \/>\n\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 <strong>Xin Zhou,<\/strong> Charg\u00e9e de Recherche au CNRS<br \/>\nxin.zhou@cnrsiemn.fr \u00a0\/ \u00a0+33 (0)3 20 4319 xx78 26 xx<br \/>\n\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 <strong>Bahram Djafari-Rouhani,<\/strong> Professeur \u00c9m\u00e9rite<br \/>\nbahram.djafari-rouhani@univ-lille.fr \u00a0\/ \u00a0+33 (0)3 20 43 xx xx<br \/>\n\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 <strong>L\u00e9onard Dobrzynski,<\/strong> Directeur de Recherche \u00c9m\u00e9rite<br \/>\nleonard.dobrzynski@univ-lille.fr \u00a0\/ \u00a0+33 (0)3 20 43 xx xx<br \/>\n\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 <strong>Michele Diego,<\/strong> Charg\u00e9 de Recherche au CNRS<br \/>\ndiego@iis.u-tokyo.ac.jp \u00a0\/ \u00a0+33 (0)3 20 43 xx xx<\/p>\n<p><strong><span style=\"color: #800000;\">\u00c9tudiants en th\u00e8se<\/span><\/strong><br \/>\n<strong>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Nouh Krai \u00a0\/ \u00a0<\/strong>nouh.krai@univ-lille.fr<br \/>\n<strong>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Charlotte Demullier \u00a0\/ \u00a0<\/strong>charlotte.demullier@univ-lille.fr<br \/>\n<strong>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Arnob Dutta \u00a0\/ \u00a0<\/strong>arnob.dutta@univ-lille.fr<br \/>\n<strong>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Xingyun Lixingyun \u00a0\/ \u00a0<\/strong>xingyun.li@univ-lille.fr<br \/>\n<strong>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Theresa Farah \u00a0\/ \u00a0<\/strong>theresafarah2104@gmail.com \u00a0\/ theresa.farah@univ-lille.fr<br \/>\n<strong>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Loic Flis \u00a0\/ \u00a0<\/strong>loic.flis@univ-lille.fr<br \/>\n<strong>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Ahmad hamyeh \u00a0\/ \u00a0<\/strong>ahmad.hamyeh.etu@univ-lille.fr<br \/>\n<strong>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Raffa\u00ebl Levrai \u00a0\/ \u00a0<\/strong>raffael.levrai@gmail.com<br \/>\n<strong>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Stefan Sandu \u00a0\/ \u00a0<\/strong>stefan.sandu@univ-lille.fr<\/p>\n<p><strong><span style=\"color: #800000;\">Post-doctorants<\/span><\/strong><br \/>\n<strong>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Monika devi Koijam \u00a0\/ \u00a0<\/strong>koijamm@univ-lille.fr<br \/>\n<strong>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Hicham Mangach \u00a0\/ \u00a0<\/strong>hicham.mangach@univ-lille.fr<br \/>\n<strong>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Simitha Sasi \u00a0\/ \u00a0<\/strong>simitha.sasi@univ-lille.fr<\/p>\n<p><strong><span style=\"color: #800000;\">Anciens membres\u00a0:<\/span><\/strong><br \/>\n<strong>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Najat Ahmidayi<\/strong><br \/>\n<strong>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Oumaima Haidar<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/div><\/div><\/section>\n<section class='av_tab_section av_tab_section av-muo7comk-7e638eac5ee5737ef3022d2f7b32a81e'  itemscope=\"itemscope\" itemtype=\"https:\/\/schema.org\/CreativeWork\" ><div id='tab-id-3-tab' class='tab' role='tab' aria-selected=\"false\" tabindex=\"0\" data-fake-id='#tab-id-3' aria-controls='tab-id-3-content'  itemprop=\"headline\" ><span class='tab_icon' aria-hidden='true' data-av_icon='\ue819' data-av_iconfont='entypo-fontello'><\/span>EPHONI : Research Activities<\/div><div id='tab-id-3-content' class='tab_content' role='tabpanel' aria-labelledby='tab-id-3-tab' aria-hidden=\"true\"><div class='tab_inner_content invers-color'  itemprop=\"text\" ><h3 style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><strong><span style=\"color: #800000;\">\n<style type=\"text\/css\" data-created_by=\"avia_inline_auto\" id=\"style-css-av-1fk3h40-1e0e93fb4ac9083297db79b86cafa377\">\n.av_font_icon.av-1fk3h40-1e0e93fb4ac9083297db79b86cafa377{\ncolor:#800000;\nborder-color:#800000;\n}\n.av_font_icon.av-1fk3h40-1e0e93fb4ac9083297db79b86cafa377 .av-icon-char{\nfont-size:25px;\nline-height:25px;\n}\n<\/style>\n<span  class='av_font_icon av-1fk3h40-1e0e93fb4ac9083297db79b86cafa377 avia_animate_when_visible av-icon-style- avia-icon-pos-left avia-icon-animate'><span class='av-icon-char' aria-hidden='true' data-av_icon='\ue88d' data-av_iconfont='entypo-fontello' ><\/span><\/span>Phononics and acoustic metamaterials<\/span><\/strong><\/h3>\n<ul>\n<li>\n<div id=\"attachment_78803\" style=\"width: 290px\" class=\"wp-caption alignleft\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-78803\" class=\"wp-image-78803\" src=\"https:\/\/www.iemn.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/09\/ephoni_1.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"280\" height=\"199\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.iemn.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/09\/ephoni_1.png 914w, https:\/\/www.iemn.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/09\/ephoni_1-300x213.png 300w, https:\/\/www.iemn.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/09\/ephoni_1-768x546.png 768w, https:\/\/www.iemn.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/09\/ephoni_1-18x12.png 18w, https:\/\/www.iemn.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/09\/ephoni_1-260x185.png 260w, https:\/\/www.iemn.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/09\/ephoni_1-705x501.png 705w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 280px) 100vw, 280px\" \/><p id=\"caption-attachment-78803\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">unpublished data, ephoni<\/p><\/div><\/p>\n<p><em><u>Phononic topology.<\/u><\/em> We have contributed to the field of phononic topological insulators since 2017 [<a href=\"https:\/\/hal.science\/hal-03183497v1\">PRB18<\/a>], in particular in pillar-on-plate or pillar-on-bar structures. Thus we have proposed structures realising robust modes at the interface of different topological structures, wedge, and vortex modes [<a href=\"https:\/\/hal.science\/hal-02302115v1\">JPhysD19<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/hal.science\/hal-02323713v1\">PRB19<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/hal.science\/hal-03542927v1\">MSSP22<\/a>]. These concepts were applied to bars supporting pillars [<a href=\"https:\/\/hal.science\/hal-03140628v1\">PRB20<\/a>], then extended to disordered structures [<a href=\"https:\/\/hal.science\/hal-04434161v1\">APLMat24<\/a>]. Extensions to non-hermitic structures are in progress, in collaboration with B. Bonello (INSP Paris) and Y. Jin (Tongji University, Shanghai), supported by the LEIT (ERC C. Sotomayor-Torres) and Magnific (Horizon EU) projects. We are currently involved in the ANR TWEM project, led by Olga Boyko, in collaboration with C2N and INSP. The project focuses on demonstrating and exploiting topological insulator properties in phononic crystals.<\/p>\n<hr \/>\n<\/li>\n<li><em><u>Acoustic metamaterials and metasurfaces.<\/u><\/em> In collaboration with Tongji University (Shanghai) and INSP Paris, we have studied: (i) metasurfaces for focusing and sub-wavelength imaging [<a href=\"https:\/\/hal.science\/hal-03542158v1\">PRApp2021<\/a>,<a href=\"https:\/\/hal.science\/hal-03414231v1\">APLMat21<\/a>], a methodology also used for NOEMS devices [<a href=\"https:\/\/hal.science\/hal-04545915v1\">APLMat24<\/a>]. (ii) Properties of non-hermitic systems [<a href=\"https:\/\/hal.science\/hal-03741975v1\">PRApp22<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/hal.science\/hal-03742127v1\">APL22<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/hal.science\/hal-04130801v1\">APL23<\/a>], including the existence of exceptional points and their defect detection properties, non-reciprocal propagation in a periodic system, and skin modes. (iii) Models of seismic metamaterials, for insulation against vibrations propagating at very low frequencies [<a href=\"https:\/\/hal.science\/hal-03408553v1\">IJMS21<\/a>], with an application to the nuisances caused by train traffic [<a href=\"https:\/\/hal.science\/hal-04053353v1\">EngStruct23<\/a>] in collaboration with the University of Mons. On the field of <em><u>Acoustic insulation<\/u><\/em>, we studied locally resonant structures based on Helmholtz Resonators (HR). The study focused on analysing the behaviour of coupled HRs in the near and far fields. The numerical results were compared with experimental measurements using ping-pong balls as HRs [<a href=\"https:\/\/hal.science\/hal-03752012v1\">JAP22<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/hal.science\/hal-04268373v1\">JAP23<\/a>] (European partnership ITN MSC, INSPIRE). The MSCA ITN METACMED project focuses on metamaterial (MM) and phononic-crystal (PC) structures designed to harvest mechanical energy generated during human walking. Two main research topics are investigated in our group: (i) auxetic membrane structures integrating piezoelectric energy-harvesting devices, and (ii) metamaterial-based insoles capable of converting mechanical energy generated during walking into electrical energy.<br \/>\n<hr \/>\n<\/li>\n<li><em><u>Sensors<\/u><\/em><u>.<\/u> Characterising the properties of liquids is of interest in many fields (automotive, oil industry, food, medicine, pharmaceuticals). We have demonstrated the use of phononic crystals for detecting liquid properties [<a href=\"https:\/\/www.sciencedirect.com\/science\/article\/abs\/pii\/S0065215618300036\">AdvApM19<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/hal.science\/hal-03501405v1\">APLMat21<\/a>]. We have introduced tubular phononic crystals (ANRi-DFG Tubular Bell), suitable for transporting liquids in structures such as pipes, tubes or capillaries, and demonstrated their effectiveness in determining the density and molarity of various liquids [<a href=\"https:\/\/hal.science\/hal-03421614v1\">JAP21<\/a>]. We have studied the effects of liquid viscosity on transmission responses, with the aim of determining the physical parameters of the fluid (density, speed of the fluid and sound waves, viscosity) [<a href=\"https:\/\/hal.science\/hal-03815230v1\">Cryst22<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/hal.science\/hal-04086892v1\">Sens22<\/a>].<br \/>\n<hr \/>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<ul>\n<li><em><u>Random structures<\/u><\/em><em>.<\/em> In the ANR RANdom (2018-2022) we have theoretically and experimentally studied the localisation of surface acoustic waves (SAW) at high frequency (\u223cGHz) in random metasurfaces composed of aluminium scatterers [<a href=\"https:\/\/hal.science\/hal-04435488v1\">JAP23<\/a>].<br \/>\n<hr \/>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<div>\n<h3 style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><strong><span style=\"color: #800000;\">\n<style type=\"text\/css\" data-created_by=\"avia_inline_auto\" id=\"style-css-av-16qvq00-a91b3afbd63794d193a44bbb54ab660d\">\n.av_font_icon.av-16qvq00-a91b3afbd63794d193a44bbb54ab660d{\ncolor:#800000;\nborder-color:#800000;\n}\n.av_font_icon.av-16qvq00-a91b3afbd63794d193a44bbb54ab660d .av-icon-char{\nfont-size:25px;\nline-height:25px;\n}\n<\/style>\n<span  class='av_font_icon av-16qvq00-a91b3afbd63794d193a44bbb54ab660d avia_animate_when_visible av-icon-style- avia-icon-pos-left avia-icon-animate'><span class='av-icon-char' aria-hidden='true' data-av_icon='\ue88d' data-av_iconfont='entypo-fontello' ><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/strong><strong><span lang=\"EN-GB\" style=\"color: #800000;\">Photonics and plasmonics<\/span><\/strong><\/h3>\n<\/div>\n<div>\n<div id=\"attachment_78804\" style=\"width: 406px\" class=\"wp-caption alignleft\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-78804\" class=\"wp-image-78804 size-full\" src=\"https:\/\/www.iemn.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/09\/ephoni_2.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"396\" height=\"207\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.iemn.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/09\/ephoni_2.png 396w, https:\/\/www.iemn.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/09\/ephoni_2-300x157.png 300w, https:\/\/www.iemn.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/09\/ephoni_2-18x9.png 18w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 396px) 100vw, 396px\" \/><p id=\"caption-attachment-78804\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">Figure 1: Figure: Ga\u00ebtan L\u00e9v\u00eaque, Yan Pennec, Pascal Szriftgiser, Alberto Amo. APL Photonics 9, 126107 (2024).<\/p><\/div><\/p>\n<p><span lang=\"EN-GB\"><i><u>Photonic topology. <\/u><\/i>In 2019, we initiated an initial collaboration with the Polytechnical University of Valencia, Spain, on the study of triangular topological cavities. This work is being extended in collaboration with PhLAM [<\/span><span lang=\"EN-GB\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.sfoptique.org\/medias\/files\/photoniques124-2024.pdf#page=56\"><span class=\"Internetlink\">Photoniques24<\/span><\/a><\/span><span lang=\"EN-GB\">] and the Nano-Micro-Systems and Photonique-THz groups at IEMN. We have demonstrated numerically and experimentally that the shape of the photonic crystal and the geometry of the interface between the two topological image networks can be used to control the conduction and filtering performance of THz signals for 5G and 6G communications networks [<\/span><span lang=\"EN-GB\"><a href=\"https:\/\/hal.science\/hal-04274279v1\"><span class=\"Internetlink\">PRA23<\/span><\/a><\/span><span lang=\"EN-GB\">, <\/span><span lang=\"EN-GB\"><a href=\"https:\/\/hal.science\/hal-04664538v1\"><span class=\"Internetlink\">JLT24<\/span><\/a><\/span><span class=\"Internetlink\"><span lang=\"EN-GB\">]<\/span><\/span><span lang=\"EN-GB\">, <\/span><span lang=\"EN-GB\"><a href=\"https:\/\/pubs.aip.org\/aip\/app\/article\/9\/12\/126107\/3323944\">APL24<\/a><\/span><span lang=\"EN-GB\"><span lang=\"EN-GB\">]. Funding by the ULille C2EMPI CDP (2024-28).<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<hr \/>\n<\/div>\n<ul>\n<li>\n<div id=\"attachment_78807\" style=\"width: 260px\" class=\"wp-caption alignleft\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-78807\" class=\"wp-image-78807\" src=\"https:\/\/www.iemn.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/09\/ephoni_3.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"250\" height=\"231\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.iemn.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/09\/ephoni_3.png 644w, https:\/\/www.iemn.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/09\/ephoni_3-300x278.png 300w, https:\/\/www.iemn.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/09\/ephoni_3-13x12.png 13w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 250px) 100vw, 250px\" \/><p id=\"caption-attachment-78807\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">Figure 2: L. Dobrzy\u0144ski et al, Phys Rev B 110, 035428 (2024)<\/p><\/div><\/p>\n<p><em>Bound-in-continuum (BIC) states.<\/em> Bound-in-continuum states are resonances with zero width (infinite lifetime). They are of current interest because of the narrow Fano type resonances, transparency or induced electromagnetic absorption to which they can give rise and their applications for filtering or sensors. Since 2017, we have proposed different cavities supporting BICs in 1D microwave or plasmonic guides, in particular to highlight Friedrich-Wintgen-type BICs [<a href=\"https:\/\/hal.science\/hal-03462932v1\">PRApplPPL21<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/hal.science\/hal-03784090v1\">PRB22<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/hal.science\/hal-04271889v1\">PRAppl23<\/a>]. These studies have also been extended to acoustics. We have demonstrated the possibility of directly observing the BIC fields inside the cavity [<a href=\"https:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/s42005-024-01615-8\">ComPh24<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/hal.science\/hal-04079791v1\">PRRes23<\/a>]; also, a new mechanism for topological interface modes has been proposed, based on the inversion of band symmetry around a flat band [<a href=\"https:\/\/hal.science\/hal-04044518v1\">PRB23<\/a>].<\/p>\n<hr \/>\n<\/li>\n<li><em>Plasmonics for nano-Raman instrumentation. <\/em>We have theoretically studied and experimentally produced TERS tips for nano-Raman (collaboration between IEMN Physics and Horiba Villeneuve d&rsquo;Ascq, ANR PRCE Tiptop [<a href=\"https:\/\/hal.science\/hal-02349635v1\">JPCC19<\/a>]). With a joint IEMN\/Horiba-Jobin-Yvon team, we have developed innovative tools for the physico-chemical characterisation of nanomaterials using AFM and TERS, or peak exaltation infrared spectroscopy (FEDER R\u00e9gion Hauts-de-France, 2018-2020). A CIFRE thesis was defended in 2019 as part of the ANR Tiptop [<a href=\"https:\/\/hal.science\/hal-03561511v1\">NanoAdv22<\/a>].<br \/>\n<hr \/>\n<\/li>\n<li><em>Plasmonic couplings in disordered metal nanoparticle systems.<\/em> As part of the ANR \u2018Random\u2019 programme, we are studying disordered assemblies of lithographed metal particles on metallised substrates, in particular by using a coupled dipole method to describe the interaction of disordered metal spheroids placed on the plasmonic substrate [<a href=\"https:\/\/hal.science\/hal-04126151v1\">ACSOmega23<\/a>]. This approach will make it possible to study a large number of particles and configurations, which is difficult using \u2018exact\u2019 numerical methods such as FDTD or FEM. Applications to the coding of physically non-clonable functions are currently being studied.<br \/>\n<hr \/>\n<\/li>\n<li><em><u>Nonlinear properties and complex dynamics in ensembles of metallic nanoparticles<\/u><\/em><u>.<\/u> Between 2017 and 2021 (thesis of Z. Ziani) we collaborated with PhLAM U.Lille on the study of the complex dynamics established in ensembles of spherical silver particles [<a href=\"https:\/\/hal.science\/hal-03133298v1\">PRB19<\/a>]. We have highlighted and characterised the spatio-temporal chaos that can be established in these systems, as well as the complex dynamics established in a nanoparticle dimer [<a href=\"https:\/\/hal.science\/hal-03133308v1\">AnnPhy20<\/a>].<br \/>\n<hr \/>\n<\/li>\n<li><em>Photonic textiles and thermoregulation<\/em><u>.<\/u> We are studying the interaction of radiation emitted by the human body in the mid-infrared (5-15\u00b5m), in order to investigate the transmission, reflection, diffusion and absorption properties of textile membranes and polymer yarns compatible with two main objectives: (i) thermoregulation of the human body through local temperature control while maintaining thermal comfort [<a href=\"https:\/\/hal.science\/hal-03142220v1\">SciRep20<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/hal.science\/hal-03321537v1\">Nanomat20<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/hal.science\/hal-03630726v1\">AdvMT22<\/a>]. This topic is Euro regional (Interreg Photonitex Project (2018-22)), national (ANR PRCE POCOMA (2021-25)), and local with the company DamarTex; (ii) camouflage to electromagnetic waves in the MIR generated and diffused by the human body. This subject, in collaboration with the Defence Innovation Agency, is part of the \u2018National defence security for the comfort and protection of combatants\u2019 challenge.<br \/>\n<hr \/>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<div id=\"attachment_78808\" style=\"width: 410px\" class=\"wp-caption alignleft\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.iemn.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/09\/ephoni_4.png\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-78808\" class=\"wp-image-78808\" src=\"https:\/\/www.iemn.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/09\/ephoni_4.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"400\" height=\"208\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.iemn.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/09\/ephoni_4.png 944w, https:\/\/www.iemn.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/09\/ephoni_4-300x156.png 300w, https:\/\/www.iemn.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/09\/ephoni_4-768x400.png 768w, https:\/\/www.iemn.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/09\/ephoni_4-18x9.png 18w, https:\/\/www.iemn.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/09\/ephoni_4-705x367.png 705w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 400px) 100vw, 400px\" \/><\/a><p id=\"caption-attachment-78808\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">Figure 3: T. Xu, B. Deng et al. Adv. Mater. 2024, 36, 2311305<\/p><\/div><\/p>\n<p><em>Solar cells and organic LEDs enhanced by surface plasmons.<\/em> The collaboration, which includes the Sino-European University (UTSEUS Shanghai), the L2N (UTT) and the ICMCB in Bordeaux, has been extended since 2020 to the study of improving the conversion efficiency and average transmittance in the visible of semi-transparent organic solar cells. Record efficiency has been demonstrated by combining a plasmonic and photonic approach [<a href=\"https:\/\/hal.science\/hal-03737804v1\">AdvMat24<\/a>]. We are also taking part in a programme of international experts, with two workshops planned, the first remote in December 2021 and the second at Shanghai University in October 2023.<\/p>\n<hr \/>\n<\/li>\n<li><em>Plasmo-mechanical and plasmonic sensors.<\/em> In a collaboration started in 2017 between the Ephoni team and the L2N (ex-LNIO) at UTT, we are numerically studying the possibility of exploiting changes in the resonance properties of metallic systems under the effect of mechanical deformation, to produce a new generation of optical deformation sensors based on materials that change colour, for example, when they are subjected to deformation. This theme is being pursued as part of N. Ahmidayi&rsquo;s thesis (early 2020, <a href=\"https:\/\/hal.science\/hal-04253793v1\">AppNanMat18<\/a>,<a href=\"https:\/\/hal.science\/hal-04253793v1\">AnnPhys23<\/a>). We have also analysed the effect on the sensitivity of biosensors when graphene monolayers are deposited on metal nanoparticles [<a href=\"https:\/\/hal.science\/hal-03321517v1\">Vacuum20<\/a>,<a href=\"https:\/\/hal.science\/hal-03141656v1\">OptLasTech20<\/a>] and proposed new devices using Tamm or SPR plasmonic states for detection ([<a href=\"https:\/\/hal.science\/hal-04465252v1\">OptMat24<\/a>], thesis of O. Haidar (early 2021).<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<div>\n<h3 style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><strong><span style=\"color: #800000;\">\n<style type=\"text\/css\" data-created_by=\"avia_inline_auto\" id=\"style-css-av-qpnz0g-95a5437c4874151a306e72c102bd8500\">\n.av_font_icon.av-qpnz0g-95a5437c4874151a306e72c102bd8500{\ncolor:#800000;\nborder-color:#800000;\n}\n.av_font_icon.av-qpnz0g-95a5437c4874151a306e72c102bd8500 .av-icon-char{\nfont-size:25px;\nline-height:25px;\n}\n<\/style>\n<span  class='av_font_icon av-qpnz0g-95a5437c4874151a306e72c102bd8500 avia_animate_when_visible av-icon-style- avia-icon-pos-left avia-icon-animate'><span class='av-icon-char' aria-hidden='true' data-av_icon='\ue88d' data-av_iconfont='entypo-fontello' ><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/strong><strong><span style=\"color: #800000;\"><span lang=\"EN-GB\">PhoXonics, Phonon-cavity electromechanics and optomechanics<\/span><\/span><\/strong><\/h3>\n<\/div>\n<ul>\n<li>\n<div>\n<p><i><span lang=\"EN-GB\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignleft wp-image-78809\" src=\"https:\/\/www.iemn.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/09\/ephoni_5.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"360\" height=\"164\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.iemn.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/09\/ephoni_5.png 838w, https:\/\/www.iemn.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/09\/ephoni_5-300x137.png 300w, https:\/\/www.iemn.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/09\/ephoni_5-768x350.png 768w, https:\/\/www.iemn.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/09\/ephoni_5-18x8.png 18w, https:\/\/www.iemn.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/09\/ephoni_5-705x321.png 705w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 360px) 100vw, 360px\" \/>NOEMs. <\/span><\/i>We have introduced and developed (FP7 2009-12, Tailphox) the concept of phoXonic crystals, which can co-localise phonons and photons. The first experimental results of opto-mechanical coupling were obtained in a phoxonic nanoguide [<a href=\"https:\/\/hal.science\/hal-01054998v1\">NatCom14<\/a>]. Through the European Phenomen H2020 contract, we have extended optomechanical coupling to phoXonic cavities [<a href=\"https:\/\/hal.science\/hal-03321558v1\">Phot20<\/a>]. Two new European contracts (Magnific (Horizon Europe 2022-26); Musician (Chist-Era 2022-26)) aim to integrate elementary devices, such as Nano-Opto-Electro-Mechanical Systems (NOEMS). The aim is to produce the first optically controlled phonon sources and detectors, integrated into phonon circuits at hypersonic frequency (GHz). We are also working on the design of very high frequency cavities (8-12 GHz) for satellite applications.<\/p>\n<hr \/>\n<\/div>\n<\/li>\n<li><em>Phonon-plasmon coupling.<\/em> We have studied (ANR RANdom) the acousto-plasmonic coupling of nanoparticles deposited on a film on a substrate, using plasmonic modes analogous to metal-insulator-metal modes [<a href=\"https:\/\/hal.science\/hal-03321556v1\">PRApp20<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/hal.science\/hal-03542167v1\">OptExp21<\/a>]. In parallel, we collaborated (ERC of G. Fytas) on a study of the vibration modes of colloidal particles [<a href=\"https:\/\/hal.science\/hal-03596987v1\">PRL22<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/hal.science\/hal-04277972v1\">ACSNano23<\/a>] and silver cylinders in a polymer matrix [<a href=\"https:\/\/pubs.acs.org\/doi\/full\/10.1021\/acs.jpcc.1c04549\">JPhysChem21<\/a>,<a href=\"https:\/\/hal.science\/hal-03896196v1\">ACSNano22<\/a>]. In addition to highlighting the modes of individual or coupled particles, this study has shown the importance of the laser wavelength for optomechanical coupling. We also worked on the numerical simulation of all the optomechanical and photoelastic couplings involved in the plasmon-phonon interaction, using open-source methods (e.g. FreeFem++, gmsh, etc.) [<a href=\"https:\/\/hal.science\/hal-02939402v1\">JPhysChemC20<\/a>].<br \/>\n<hr \/>\n<\/li>\n<li><em>Microwave optomechanical devices for on-chip thermometry<\/em>. This topic was funded by the R\u00e9gion-MOC and ISITE-MOST projects, also in collaboration with (ERC ULTNEMS). We developed a 4K on-chip thermometer based on a novel NEMS device (silicon nitride drum resonator) fabricated at IEMN, which improves the coupling strength by more than a factor of 10 [<a href=\"https:\/\/pubs.acs.org\/nalefd\/article-abstract\/21\/13\/5738\/1488111\/High-Q-Silicon-Nitride-Drum-Resonators-Strongly\">NanoLett2021<\/a>]. We also contributed to the optomechanical measurement setup and successfully cooled the nanomechanical resonator to its quantum ground state at the Institut NEEL [<a href=\"https:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/s41467-021-26457-8\">NatureComm2021<\/a>].<br \/>\n<hr \/>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<div><i><span lang=\"EN-GB\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignleft wp-image-78810\" src=\"https:\/\/www.iemn.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/09\/ephoni_6.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"350\" height=\"280\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.iemn.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/09\/ephoni_6.png 762w, https:\/\/www.iemn.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/09\/ephoni_6-300x240.png 300w, https:\/\/www.iemn.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/09\/ephoni_6-15x12.png 15w, https:\/\/www.iemn.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/09\/ephoni_6-705x564.png 705w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 350px) 100vw, 350px\" \/>2023\u2013present. <\/span><\/i><span lang=\"EN-GB\">Use of coupled vibration modes to construct artificial neural networks for reservoir computing development. To build such a network, we focus on multiple coupled phononic\/photonic modes (NOEMIA Chist-ERA 2023\u20132026) and coupled nanomechanical networks (ANR-MORETOME 2023\u20132026). Two strong collaborations have been established around these two topics. By taking advantage of phonon-cavity, we explore phonon-based unconventional computing in coupled double-drum electromechanical resonators [<\/span><span lang=\"EN-GB\"><a href=\"https:\/\/pubs.acs.org\/nalefd\/article-abstract\/22\/18\/7351\/1488454\/Coupling-Capacitively-Distinct-Mechanical?redirectedFrom=fulltext\">NanoLett2022<\/a><\/span><span lang=\"EN-GB\">]. Our work focuses on implementing computational reservoirs using two experimental platforms: (i) encoding virtual neuron networks in coupled phononic modes (CHIST-ERA NOEMIA, 2023\u20132026) [<\/span><span lang=\"EN-GB\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/s41378-026-01287-0\">MNS2026<\/a><\/span><span lang=\"EN-GB\"><span lang=\"EN-GB\">] and (ii) building physical networks of coupled nanomechanical resonators (ANR MORETOME, 2023\u20132026).The first is based on the European microkelvin platform, in collaboration with Aalto University, the University of Nottingham, LOMA, and the Institut NEEL, to develop microwave optomechanical quantum circuits. The second is based on the NOEMIA project, in close collaboration with the University of Southampton (UK) Southampton, the Czech Academy of Sciences (CZ), and National Chung Cheng University, (TW). The second platform was developed in collaboration with LOMA and Institut N\u00e9el to create microwave optomechanical quantum circuits and use microwave photons to read out computational results.<\/span><\/span><\/div>\n<div>\n<hr \/>\n<\/div>\n<\/li>\n<li>2026-2030 Detecting quantum fluctuation assist phonon tunneling\u00a0: This topic is funded by ANR \u2013 DASH project. The aim is to detect Casimir forces that mediate phonon tunneling between two vibrational modes through developing a state-of-the-art quantum phonon\/photon sensing setup. This project is developing in collaboration with Institut N\u00e9el and Laboratoire Charles Fabry.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/div><\/div><\/section>\n<\/div><\/p><\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":0,"parent":26098,"menu_order":10,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"footnotes":"","_members_access_role":[],"_members_access_error":""},"class_list":["post-29440","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.iemn.fr\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/29440","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.iemn.fr\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.iemn.fr\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.iemn.fr\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.iemn.fr\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=29440"}],"version-history":[{"count":15,"href":"https:\/\/www.iemn.fr\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/29440\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":78833,"href":"https:\/\/www.iemn.fr\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/29440\/revisions\/78833"}],"up":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.iemn.fr\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/26098"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.iemn.fr\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=29440"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}