{"id":28568,"date":"2018-04-25T09:58:15","date_gmt":"2018-04-25T07:58:15","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.iemn.fr\/?page_id=28568"},"modified":"2024-08-17T09:23:56","modified_gmt":"2024-08-17T07:23:56","slug":"research-activities","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/www.iemn.fr\/en\/la-recherche\/les-groupes\/physique\/nanostructures-quantum\/research-activities","title":{"rendered":"Research activities"},"content":{"rendered":"<div id='layer_slider_1'  class='avia-layerslider main_color avia-shadow  avia-builder-el-0  el_before_av_submenu  avia-builder-el-first  container_wrap sidebar_right'  style='height: 261px;'  ><div id=\"layerslider_52_1icgti57px8in\" data-ls-slug=\"homepageslider\" class=\"ls-wp-container fitvidsignore ls-selectable\" style=\"width:1140px;height:260px;margin:0 auto;margin-bottom: 0px;\"><div class=\"ls-slide\" data-ls=\"duration:6000;transition2d:5;\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"2600\" height=\"270\" src=\"https:\/\/www.iemn.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/11\/sliders_groupe_physique.jpg\" class=\"ls-bg\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.iemn.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/11\/sliders_groupe_physique.jpg 2600w, https:\/\/www.iemn.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/11\/sliders_groupe_physique-300x31.jpg 300w, https:\/\/www.iemn.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/11\/sliders_groupe_physique-768x80.jpg 768w, https:\/\/www.iemn.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/11\/sliders_groupe_physique-1030x107.jpg 1030w, https:\/\/www.iemn.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/11\/sliders_groupe_physique-1500x156.jpg 1500w, https:\/\/www.iemn.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/11\/sliders_groupe_physique-705x73.jpg 705w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 2600px) 100vw, 2600px\" \/><ls-layer style=\"font-size:14px;text-align:left;font-style:normal;text-decoration:none;text-transform:none;font-weight:700;letter-spacing:0px;background-position:0% 0%;background-repeat:no-repeat;mix-blend-mode:normal;top:231px;left:0px;height:30px;width:350px;line-height:32px;color:#ffffff;border-radius:6px 6px 6px 6px;padding-left:50px;background-color:rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.57);\" class=\"ls-l ls-ib-icon ls-text-layer\" data-ls=\"minfontsize:0;minmobilefontsize:0;\"><i class=\"fa fa-user-circle\" style=\"color:#f2f2f2;margin-right:0.8em;font-size:1em;transform:translateY( -0.125em );\"><\/i>GROUPE DE RECHERCHE : PHYSIQUE<\/ls-layer><\/div><div class=\"ls-slide\" data-ls=\"duration:6000;transition2d:5;\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"2600\" height=\"270\" src=\"https:\/\/www.iemn.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/12\/sliders_groupe_physique2.jpg\" class=\"ls-bg\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.iemn.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/12\/sliders_groupe_physique2.jpg 2600w, https:\/\/www.iemn.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/12\/sliders_groupe_physique2-300x31.jpg 300w, https:\/\/www.iemn.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/12\/sliders_groupe_physique2-768x80.jpg 768w, https:\/\/www.iemn.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/12\/sliders_groupe_physique2-1030x107.jpg 1030w, https:\/\/www.iemn.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/12\/sliders_groupe_physique2-1500x156.jpg 1500w, https:\/\/www.iemn.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/12\/sliders_groupe_physique2-705x73.jpg 705w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 2600px) 100vw, 2600px\" \/><ls-layer style=\"font-size:14px;text-align:left;font-style:normal;text-decoration:none;text-transform:none;font-weight:700;letter-spacing:0px;background-position:0% 0%;background-repeat:no-repeat;mix-blend-mode:normal;top:231px;left:0px;height:30px;width:350px;line-height:32px;color:#ffffff;border-radius:6px 6px 6px 6px;padding-left:50px;background-color:rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.57);\" class=\"ls-l ls-ib-icon ls-text-layer\" data-ls=\"minfontsize:0;minmobilefontsize:0;\"><i class=\"fa fa-user-circle\" style=\"color:#f2f2f2;margin-right:0.8em;font-size:1em;transform:translateY( -0.125em );\"><\/i>GROUPE DE RECHERCHE : PHYSIQUE<\/ls-layer><\/div><\/div><\/div>\n<div id='sub_menu1'  class='av-submenu-container av-jrqfadqy-ce2f2ab09b07c9cd48b0b2cdd423b7d9 footer_color  avia-builder-el-1  el_after_av_layerslider  el_before_av_heading  submenu-not-first container_wrap sidebar_right' style='z-index:301' ><div class='container av-menu-mobile-disabled av-submenu-pos-left'><ul id='av-custom-submenu-1' class='av-subnav-menu' role='menu'>\n<li class='menu-item av-5lrrdrs-1c192ae5c0ab89612ab254eacb4ea365 menu-item-top-level menu-item-top-level-1' role='menuitem'><a href='https:\/\/www.iemn.fr\/en\/la-recherche\/les-groupes\/physique'  ><span class='avia-bullet'><\/span><span class='avia-menu-text'>Introduction<\/span><\/a><\/li>\n<li class='menu-item av-4t70hlk-79f49292829fe6406b785b3f8da6f9e4 menu-item-top-level menu-item-top-level-2' role='menuitem'><a href='https:\/\/www.iemn.fr\/en\/la-recherche\/les-groupes\/physique\/ephoni'  ><span class='avia-bullet'><\/span><span class='avia-menu-text'>EPHONI <\/span><\/a><\/li>\n<li class='menu-item av-3jkqejc-ec8becb9187bdff7b758607e3aa05606 menu-item-top-level menu-item-top-level-3' role='menuitem'><a href='https:\/\/www.iemn.fr\/en\/la-recherche\/les-groupes\/physique\/nanostructures-quantum'  ><span class='avia-bullet'><\/span><span class='avia-menu-text'>PNQD<\/span><\/a><\/li>\n<li class='menu-item av-49b9654-24d239dc8b86c66da830cc1079a3dc93 menu-item-top-level menu-item-top-level-4' role='menuitem'><a href='https:\/\/www.iemn.fr\/en\/la-recherche\/les-groupes\/physique\/namaste'  ><span class='avia-bullet'><\/span><span class='avia-menu-text'>NAMASTE <\/span><\/a><\/li>\n<li class='menu-item av-41d23nc-eb29d1fe37f7c729d3d28d4fbe774ac3 menu-item-top-level menu-item-top-level-5' role='menuitem'><a href='https:\/\/www.iemn.fr\/en\/la-recherche\/les-groupes\/physique\/nanoacoustique'  ><span class='avia-bullet'><\/span><span class='avia-menu-text'>NANOACOUSTICS<\/span><\/a><\/li>\n<li class='menu-item av-41d23nc-1-6d88f02e4fcfcb6103ef1e3141aefe28 menu-item-top-level menu-item-top-level-6' role='menuitem'><a href='https:\/\/www.iemn.fr\/en\/la-recherche\/les-groupes\/physique\/hopast'  ><span class='avia-bullet'><\/span><span class='avia-menu-text'>HOPAST<\/span><\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul><\/div><\/div><div id='after_submenu_1'  class='main_color av_default_container_wrap container_wrap sidebar_right'  ><div class='container av-section-cont-open' ><div class='template-page content  av-content-small alpha units'><div class='post-entry post-entry-type-page post-entry-28568'><div class='entry-content-wrapper clearfix'>\n\n<style type=\"text\/css\" data-created_by=\"avia_inline_auto\" id=\"style-css-av-wi5ye0-66b169d022a46e825179715829ad2e6b\">\n#top .av-special-heading.av-wi5ye0-66b169d022a46e825179715829ad2e6b{\npadding-bottom:10px;\n}\nbody .av-special-heading.av-wi5ye0-66b169d022a46e825179715829ad2e6b .av-special-heading-tag .heading-char{\nfont-size:25px;\n}\n.av-special-heading.av-wi5ye0-66b169d022a46e825179715829ad2e6b .av-subheading{\nfont-size:15px;\n}\n<\/style>\n<div  class='av-special-heading av-wi5ye0-66b169d022a46e825179715829ad2e6b av-special-heading-h2  avia-builder-el-2  el_after_av_submenu  el_before_av_buttonrow  avia-builder-el-first'><h2 class='av-special-heading-tag'  itemprop=\"headline\"  >Physics of Nanostructures <span class='special_amp'>&amp;<\/span> Quantum Devices TEAM<\/h2><div class=\"special-heading-border\"><div class=\"special-heading-inner-border\"><\/div><\/div><\/div>\n<div  class='avia-buttonrow-wrap av-jrwayrwp-b592cf8c28cbfa3d8446b41da6e29e1b avia-buttonrow-left  avia-builder-el-3  el_after_av_heading  el_before_av_hr'>\n\n<style type=\"text\/css\" data-created_by=\"avia_inline_auto\" id=\"style-css-av-tq9f2w-84b42f9d84627e030043f41492b63ecb\">\n#top #wrap_all 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.avia-button.av-qc9p88-4d499ef4f2f97fe06c01fe2a41ee16c6{\nmargin-bottom:5px;\nmargin-right:5px;\n}\n<\/style>\n<a href='https:\/\/www.iemn.fr\/en\/la-recherche\/les-groupes\/physique\/nanostructures-quantum'  class='avia-button av-qc9p88-4d499ef4f2f97fe06c01fe2a41ee16c6 avia-icon_select-yes-left-icon avia-size-small av-button-notext avia-color-grey'   ><span class='avia_button_icon avia_button_icon_left' aria-hidden='true' data-av_icon='\ue821' data-av_iconfont='entypo-fontello'><\/span><span class='avia_iconbox_title' ><\/span><\/a>\n<\/div>\n\n<style type=\"text\/css\" data-created_by=\"avia_inline_auto\" id=\"style-css-av-imn9ug-25fe54e741ec40ced0aa66dbc8159c1b\">\n#top .hr.av-imn9ug-25fe54e741ec40ced0aa66dbc8159c1b{\nmargin-top:5px;\nmargin-bottom:5px;\n}\n.hr.av-imn9ug-25fe54e741ec40ced0aa66dbc8159c1b .hr-inner{\nwidth:100%;\n}\n<\/style>\n<div  class='hr av-imn9ug-25fe54e741ec40ced0aa66dbc8159c1b hr-custom  avia-builder-el-4  el_after_av_buttonrow  el_before_av_textblock  hr-center hr-icon-no'><span class='hr-inner inner-border-av-border-thin'><span class=\"hr-inner-style\"><\/span><\/span><\/div>\n<section  class='av_textblock_section av-joa1xtcn-7f50e30035f3f5ceca794bc0f0298ec2'   itemscope=\"itemscope\" itemtype=\"https:\/\/schema.org\/CreativeWork\" ><div class='avia_textblock'  itemprop=\"text\" ><h3><\/h3>\n<span class='av_dropcap1 av-av_dropcap1-3cd9da5fea0ef5fb27aee617571c39a3'>W<\/span>\n<p>hen the dimensions of materials reach the nanometer scale, the objects have fascinating properties, mainly related to principles of quantum mechanics. Our main goal is too deepen our understanding of these properties. Our team belongs to IEMN, one of the few national laboratories with state of the art facilities that allow us to develop processes and applications of nano-scale materials, structure and devices. We are also strongly involved in the development of instruments that are appropriate to probe the matter at the nanometer scale, such as scanning probe microscopies. Although we perform fundamental studies, our research activities include pratical applications in the fields of solar cells, neuromorphic devices and quantum information processing.<\/p>\n<h4>Nanofabrication<\/h4>\n<div>\n<div><a href=\"https:\/\/www.iemn.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/11\/physics_nanostructures_quantum1.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-28913 alignright\" src=\"https:\/\/www.iemn.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/11\/physics_nanostructures_quantum1.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"211\" height=\"156\" \/><\/a><span class='av_dropcap1 av-av_dropcap1-3cd9da5fea0ef5fb27aee617571c39a3'>B<\/span>oth defining and positioning structures with sub-10 nm accuracy is beyond the limits of conventional lithographic techniques. In contrast, natural interactions between atoms and molecules produce kinetically and thermodynamically preferred structures and patterns. Our challenge consists in controlling the spontaneous formation of crystalline structures at the nanometer scale. These nanotructures are either metallic or semiconductor and can be made up of organic or inorganic materials. For example, we grow nanowires using metal nanoparticles as catalysts (see upper figure)\u00a0and also synthesize quantum dots\u00a0or produce\u00a0ultra thin films, that may require multidisciplinary knowledges gained from\u00a0collaborations with other research laboratories that are mainly based in Lille.<\/div>\n<div><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<h4>Electronic and vibrational excitation of nanoscale objects<\/h4>\n<div>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/www.iemn.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/11\/physics_nanostructures_quantum2.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-28915 alignright\" src=\"https:\/\/www.iemn.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/11\/physics_nanostructures_quantum2.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"214\" height=\"153\" \/><\/a><span class='av_dropcap1 av-av_dropcap1-3cd9da5fea0ef5fb27aee617571c39a3'>W<\/span>hen the dimensions of semiconductor materials reach the nanometer scale, quantum mechanics have a substantial impact on their properties. Tailoring these properties offers a vast number of new possibilities in nanodevice technology. There is thus a critical need for the growth and the characterization of low dimensional semiconductor systems.\u00a0Many of our studies rely on the use of scanning probe microscopies, since these tools enable both the direct observation of individual semiconductor objects with reduced sizes and the characterization of their electronic structure as well\u00a0 as their transport and charging properties. As an example, the left image in the upper figure shows a (110) surface obtained with a scanning tunneling microscope where a\u00a0cleaved InAs quantum dot embedded in GaAs materials\u00a0is visible at the atomic resolution. By probing the electronic structure of the dot at low temperature, conductance maps\u00a0corresponding to the\u00a0square of the electron wave function can be\u00a0obtained at the energy of the ground (middle) and first excited (right) states.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div>\n<div>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/www.iemn.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/11\/physics_nanostructures_quantum3.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-28917 alignright\" src=\"https:\/\/www.iemn.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/11\/physics_nanostructures_quantum3.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"213\" height=\"146\" \/><\/a>We also work on integrating these nanostructures in devices, as building block for quantum computing for example.\u00a0In these configurations,\u00a0the study of transport through the nanostructures allows to gain insight into quantum coherence, correlation effects and noise. The SEM image to the right shows a Si nanowire,\u00a0grown by chemical vapor deposition and transferred to a silicon oxyde layer, where it has been connected to electrodes.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<h4>Advanced technology<\/h4>\n<div>\n<div>\n<h4><\/h4>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/www.iemn.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/11\/physics_nanostructures_quantum4.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-28919 alignright\" src=\"https:\/\/www.iemn.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/11\/physics_nanostructures_quantum4.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"210\" height=\"170\" \/><\/a><span class='av_dropcap1 av-av_dropcap1-3cd9da5fea0ef5fb27aee617571c39a3'>W<\/span>e continously work to develop new measurement methods and tools\u00a0related to scanning probe microscopies, with capabilities beyond the commercial state of the art. All the systems are part of the iemn Excelsior facility, that host high frequency characterization tools, from DC to THz, and a large variety of scanning probe microscopes.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div><\/section>\n\n<style type=\"text\/css\" data-created_by=\"avia_inline_auto\" id=\"style-css-av-jrkyjxbl-80c50562d8d17a7bf59c9fd86312fda7\">\n#top .hr.hr-invisible.av-jrkyjxbl-80c50562d8d17a7bf59c9fd86312fda7{\nheight:50px;\n}\n<\/style>\n<div  class='hr av-jrkyjxbl-80c50562d8d17a7bf59c9fd86312fda7 hr-invisible  avia-builder-el-6  el_after_av_textblock  avia-builder-el-last'><span class='hr-inner'><span class=\"hr-inner-style\"><\/span><\/span><\/div>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":0,"parent":27518,"menu_order":5,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-28568","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.iemn.fr\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/28568","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.iemn.fr\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.iemn.fr\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.iemn.fr\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.iemn.fr\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=28568"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.iemn.fr\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/28568\/revisions"}],"up":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.iemn.fr\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/27518"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.iemn.fr\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=28568"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}